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Niche and neutral processes leave distinct structural imprints on indirect interactions in mutualistic networks
Functional Ecology ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-05 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13736
Benno I. Simmons 1, 2 , Andrew P. Beckerman 1 , Katrine Hansen 3 , Pietro K. Maruyama 4 , Constantinos Televantos 5 , Jeferson Vizentin‐Bugoni 6 , Bo Dalsgaard 3
Affiliation  

  1. Indirect interactions are central to ecological and evolutionary dynamics in pollination communities, yet we have little understanding about the processes determining patterns of indirect interactions, such as those between pollinators through shared flowering plants. Instead, research has concentrated on the processes responsible for direct interactions and whole‐network structures. This is partly due to a lack of appropriate tools for characterising indirect interaction structures, because traditional network metrics discard much of this information.
  2. The recent development of tools for counting motifs (subnetworks depicting interactions between a small number of species) in bipartite networks enables detailed analysis of indirect interaction patterns. Here we generate plant–hummingbird pollination networks based on three major assembly processes—neutral effects (species interacting in proportion to abundance), morphological matching and phenological overlap—and evaluate the motifs associated with each one.
  3. We find that different processes produce networks with significantly different patterns of indirect interactions. Neutral effects tend to produce densely connected motifs, with short indirect interaction chains, and motifs where many specialists interact indirectly through a single generalist. Conversely, niche‐based processes (morphology and phenology) produced motifs with a core of interacting generalists, supported by peripheral specialists. These results have important implications for understanding the processes determining indirect interaction structures.


中文翻译:

生态位和中性过程在互惠网络中的间接相互作用上留下了明显的结构性烙印

  1. 间接相互作用是授粉群落中生态和进化动力学的核心,但是我们对确定间接相互作用模式的过程知之甚少,例如授粉媒介之间通过共享开花植物之间的相互作用。相反,研究集中在负责直接交互和整个网络结构的过程上。这部分是由于缺乏用于表征间接交互结构的适当工具的缘故,因为传统的网络指标会丢弃大量此类信息。
  2. 双向网络中用于计算主题(描绘少数物种之间相互作用的子网络)的工具的最新开发可实现对间接相互作用模式的详细分析。在这里,我们基于三个主要的装配过程(中性效应(物种与丰度成比例地相互作用),形态匹配和物候重叠)生成植物-蜂鸟授粉网络,并评估与每个主题相关的图案。
  3. 我们发现,不同的过程产生的网络具有明显不同的间接交互模式。中性效果倾向于产生紧密连接的主题,具有短的间接交互链,以及许多专家通过一个通才间接交互的主题。相反,基于利基的过程(形态学和物候学)产生的图案具有互通的多面手的核心,并得到外围专家的支持。这些结果对于理解确定间接相互作用结构的过程具有重要意义。
更新日期:2020-12-05
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