Abstract In recent years, the occurrence of numerous intentional and accidental explosions in buried pipelines, especially in oil and gas pipelines, has been turned to a proper subject of research. The present research, for the first time, studies the utilization of GFRP for reducing the deformation of buried and internally pressurized steel pipes against explosions through the non-linear three-dimensional finite element method. The Combined Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) algorithm is used for modeling simulation. It means that the pipe and GFRP are modeled using the Lagrangian algorithm and air, soil and explosives are modeled using the Eulerian algorithm. The studied pipe is API-X65 with an outside diameter of 914.4 mm and the burial depth of 2.5 m. The explosive material is TNT with 10 kg of weight and in the 1 m height below the ground. The results of the model were compared to the results of field tests and the experimental equations presented by previous researchers, and good compatibility was observed. Utilization of GFRP decreases maximum equivalent strain, transverse deformation, longitudinal strain and explosion energy imposed on the pressurized pipeline for about 35.3, 29.6, 13 and 63%; respectively. The internally pressurized pipeline of API-X65 with the wall thickness of 15.88 mm and with the GFRP reinforcement with 7 mm of thickness has acceptable resistance against explosion, in a way that transverse deformation of it is in the acceptable limit and its longitudinal strain is lower than the yield strain. Using the results of this research, we can protect the under-construction or operation buried pipelines against the sub-surface explosions.

中文翻译：

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GFRP加固埋地内压钢管抵御恐怖袭击的作用

摘要 近年来，埋地管道特别是油气管道中发生的多起故意和意外爆炸事件已成为一个适当的研究课题。本研究首次通过非线性三维有限元方法，研究了GFRP在降低埋地内压钢管防爆变形中的应用。组合欧拉-拉格朗日 (CEL) 算法用于建模仿真。这意味着管道和 GFRP 使用拉格朗日算法建模，空气、土壤和爆炸物使用欧拉算法建模。研究的管道为API-X65，外径914.4 mm，埋深2.5 m。爆炸物为TNT，重10 kg，距地面1 m 高。将模型结果与前人提出的现场试验结果和实验方程进行对比，观察到良好的兼容性。GFRP的使用使施加在承压管道上的最大等效应变、横向变形、纵向应变和爆炸能降低约35.3%、29.6%、13%和63%；分别。API-X65内压管壁厚15.88mm、GFRP加筋7mm，防爆性能合格，横向变形在可接受范围内，纵向应变较低比屈服应变。利用这项研究的结果，我们可以保护在建或运营中的埋地管道免受地下爆炸的影响。