Perceptions of users regarding the accessibility of childcare services have been under-researched. The present study addresses this gap by looking into the effect of systemic level characteristics of the ECEC system on the perceived accessibility of childcare at the individual level. Perceived accessibility is composed of perceived affordability, availability, quality and physical accessibility of these services. The socio-ecological model at the micro-level and the model of institutional setting of ECEC (provision, regulation and financing) at the macro-level are combined in multilevel analyses. Our finding is that childcare is perceived to be more accessible in countries that (1) do not allow private commercial profit-making ECEC services for 3–6-year-old children, (2) adopt a unitary ECEC system where services for 0–3-year-olds and 3–6-year-olds are harmonised and (3) provide generous public support per 0–5-year-old child in the ECEC system. The latter has an even stronger effect on families with an income below average.

中文翻译：

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欧洲对儿童保育的可感知性：一项跨国多层次研究

用户对儿童保育服务的可及性的研究尚未得到充分研究。本研究通过研究ECEC系统的系统级别特征对个人看护的可及性的影响来解决这一差距。可感知的可访问性由这些服务的可感知的可负担性，可用性，质量和物理可访问性组成。在多层次分析中，将微观层次的社会生态模型和ECEC体制设置（供给，监管和融资）模型相结合。我们的发现是，在（1）不允许为3-6岁的儿童提供私人商业性牟利ECEC服务的国家中，人们更容易获得托儿服务，（2）采用统一的ECEC系统，协调0-3岁和3-6岁儿童的服务，并且（3）ECEC系统中为每个0-5岁儿童提供慷慨的公共支持。后者对收入低于平均水平的家庭产生更大的影响。