Background
Phalaenopsis orchids are one of the most common potted orchids sold worldwide. Most Phalaenopsis cultivars have long inflorescences that cause shipping problems and increase handling costs. Miniaturization of Phalaenopsis orchids not only reduces overall production costs but also can expand the appeal of the orchids to a different group of consumers who prefer to keep flowers on desks or tabletops. Although some miniature Phalaenopsis plants can be obtained via hybridization or mutation, they are unpredictable and limited in variety. We therefore used the transgenic approach of overexpressing gibberellin 2-oxidase 6 ( OsGA2ox6 ), a rice GA deactivation gene, to investigate its functional effect in miniaturizing Phalaenopsis and to create a stable miniaturization platform to facilitate a supply for the potential demands of the miniature flower market.

Results
A commercial moth orchid, Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘SPM313’, was transformed with the plasmid vector Ubi:OsGA2ox6 and successfully overexpressed the OsGA2ox6 gene in planta . The transgenic lines displayed darker-green, shorter, and wider leaves, thicker roots and much shorter flower spikes (10 cm vs 33 cm) than the nontransgenic line with a normal flower size and blooming ability and are therefore an ideal miniaturized form of Phalaenopsis orchids.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that the ectopic expression of OsGA2ox6 can miniaturize Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘SPM313’ while preserving its blooming ability, providing an alternative, useful method for miniaturizing Phalaenopsis species. This miniaturization by a transgenic approach can be further expanded by using GA2ox genes from different plant species or different gene variants, thereby expanding the technical platform for miniaturizing Phalaenopsis species to meet the potential demands of the miniature Phalaenopsis flower market.



中文翻译：

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水稻 GA2-氧化酶基因OsGA2ox6 的过表达使 蝴蝶 兰兰花小型化

背景
蝴蝶兰是世界上最常见的盆栽兰花之一。大多数蝴蝶兰品种的花序较长，这会导致运输问题并增加处理成本。蝴蝶兰兰花的微型化不仅可以降低整体生产成本，而且可以将兰花的吸引力扩大到不同的消费者群体，他们更喜欢将鲜花放在桌子或桌面上。尽管可以通过杂交或突变获得一些微型蝴蝶兰植物，但是它们是不可预测的并且种类有限。因此，我们使用了过表达赤霉素2-氧化酶6（ OsGA2ox6 ），一种水稻GA失活基因，以研究其在蝴蝶兰小型化中的功能效果，并创建一个稳定的小型化平台，以便利满足微型花卉市场的潜在需求。

结果用质粒载体 Ubi：OsGA2ox6 转化了 蝴蝶兰 Sogo Yukidian
商业蝴蝶兰， 并 在植物中 成功表达了 OsGA2ox6 基因 。转基因株系比显示的暗绿色，短，和更广泛的叶，更厚的根和短得多的花穗（10厘米VS33厘米） 的非转基因 系具有正常的花朵大小和开花能力，因此是蝴蝶兰理想的小型化形式。

结论
我们证明了 OsGA2ox6 的异位表达 可以使 蝴蝶兰 Sogo Yukidian'SPM313'小型化， 同时保持其开花能力，为蝴蝶兰的小型化提供了另一种有用的方法。通过使用来自不同植物物种或不同基因变体的GA2ox基因，可以进一步扩大通过转基因方法实现的这种小型化，从而扩展了将蝴蝶兰种小型化的技术平台，以满足微型蝴蝶兰花卉市场的潜在需求。