The newsvendor problem has been applied in various business settings. It is often assumed that the decision variable, i.e., order-up-to level, has no impacts on the holding costs for average inventory cycled in a given period, which is the difference between beginning and ending inventory levels on hand in that period. The average holding cost for this portion of inventory is conveniently and approximately calculated as half the product of the unit holding cost and the expectation of the demand in one period if it is assumed that the inventory is approximately evenly consumed. It is a good approximation when the unit holding cost is significantly lower than the unit backorder cost as this optimal solution to inventory level is able to guarantee a low probability of understocking. However, if this condition does not hold, the approximation may deviate from the actual cost and cannot measure the expected holding cost for this portion of inventory. This paper examines the impact of the cycle stock holding cost on the newsvendor model and the conditions under which this portion of cost is not negligible.

中文翻译：

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报童模型重温：高单位持有成本对经典模型准确性的影响

报童问题已应用于各种商业环境。通常假设决策变量，即订单到水平，对给定周期内循环的平均库存的持有成本没有影响，即该期间期初和期末库存水平之间的差异。如果假设库存近似平均消耗，那么这部分库存的平均持有成本可以方便地近似计算为单位持有成本与一个时期内需求预期的乘积的一半。当单位持有成本显着低于单位缺货成本时，这是一个很好的近似值，因为这种库存水平的最佳解决方案能够保证库存不足的可能性很低。但是，如果这个条件不成立，该近似值可能会偏离实际成本，无法衡量这部分存货的预期持有成本。本文研究了周期库存持有成本对报贩模型的影响以及这部分成本不可忽略的条件。