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Epidemiological derivation of flux-based critical levels for visible ozone injury in European forests
Journal of Forestry Research ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-30 , DOI: 10.1007/s11676-020-01191-x
Pierre Sicard , Alessandra De Marco , Elisa Carrari , Laurence Dalstein-Richier , Yasutomo Hoshika , Ovidiu Badea , Diana Pitar , Silvano Fares , Adriano Conte , Ionel Popa , Elena Paoletti

The European MOTTLES project set-up a new-generation network for ozone (O3) monitoring in 17 plots in France, Italy and Romania. These monitoring stations allowed: (1) estimating the accumulated exposure AOT40 and stomatal O3 fluxes (PODY) with an hourly threshold of uptake (Y) to represent the detoxification capacity of trees (POD1, with Y = 1 nmol O3 m−2 s−1 per leaf area); and (2) collecting data of forest-response indicators, i.e. crown defoliation and visible foliar O3-like injury over the time period 2017–2019. The soil water content was the most important parameter affecting crown defoliation and was a key factor affecting the severity of visible foliar O3-like injury on the dominant tree species in a plot. The soil water content is thus an essential parameter in the PODY estimation, particularly for water-limited environments. An assessment based on stomatal flux-based standard and on real plant symptoms is more appropriated than the exposure-based method for protecting vegetation. From flux-effect relationships, we derived flux-based critical levels (CLef) for forest protection against visible foliar O3-like injury. We recommend CLef of 5 and 12 mmol m−2 POD1 for broadleaved species and conifers, respectively. Before using PODY as legislative standard in Europe, we recommend using the CLec for ≥ 25% of crown defoliation in a plot: 17,000 and 19,000 nmol mol−1 h AOT40 for conifers and broadleaved species, respectively.

中文翻译:

基于通量的临界水平的流行病学推导,用于欧洲森林中可见的臭氧损伤

欧洲MOTTLES项目在法国,意大利和罗马尼亚的17个样地中建立了用于监测臭氧(O 3)的新一代网络。这些监测站允许:(1)以小时摄入阈值(Y)估算树木的解毒能力(POD1,Y = 1 nmol O 3  m -2),以每小时的摄入阈值(Y )估算累积暴露量AOT40和气孔O 3通量(PODY)。 每叶面积 s -1); (2)收集森林响应指标的数据,即2017-2019年期间的冠叶落叶和可见叶面O 3样伤害。土壤含水量是影响树冠脱叶的最重要参数,也是影响可见叶面O 3严重程度的关键因素样地对主要树种的伤害。因此,土壤水含量是PODY估算中的必要参数,尤其是在水分有限的环境中。基于气孔通量的标准和真实植物症状的评估比基于暴露的植被保护方法更合适。从通量效应关系中,我们得出了基于通量的临界水平(CLef),用于森林保护以防止可见叶面O 3样伤害。我们建议阔叶树种和针叶树的CLef分别为5和12 mmol m -2 POD1。在将PODY用作欧洲的立法标准之前,我们建议在以下情况下使用CLec≥25%的冠冠脱垂:17,000和19,000 nmol mol -1 h AOT40分别用于针叶树和阔叶树种。
更新日期:2020-07-30
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