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Evaluating Social Complexity and Inequality in the Balkans Between 6500 and 4200 BC
Journal of Archaeological Research ( IF 5.333 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s10814-018-9126-6
Marko Porčić

The subject of this paper is the social structure and sociocultural evolution of Balkan Neolithic and Eneolithic societies between 6500 and 4200 BC. I draw on archaeological evidence from three major regions of the Balkans related to demography, settlement, economy, warfare, and differences in status and wealth between individuals and groups to evaluate the degree and kind of social complexity and inequality. The trend in these data is of increase in social complexity and inequality over two millennia following the introduction of agriculture to the Balkans, as the simple and small hamlets of the late seventh and early sixth millennia transformed into large villages and tell sites of the late sixth and fifth millennia, in parallel with the development of copper metallurgy and regional exchange networks. There is no evidence of social stratification or the formation of complex systems of regional integration such as (proto)states or urban centers. The Balkan communities of this period were essentially village communities with social inequalities, when present, limited to differences in prestige and potentially rank.

中文翻译:

评估公元前6500年至4200年之间巴尔干半岛的社会复杂性和不平等

本文的主题是公元前6500年至4200年之间的巴尔干新石器时代和新石器时代的社会结构和社会文化演变。我从巴尔干地区三个主要地区的考古学证据中得出有关人口统计,定居,经济,战争以及个人和群体之间的地位和财富差异的评估,以评估社会复杂性和不平等程度和种类。这些数据的趋势是在向巴尔干地区引入农业之后的两千年中,社会复杂性和不平等现象的加剧,因为七千年代末和六千年初期的简单小村庄变成了大村庄,并告诉了第六纪后期的地点。到第五个千年,与铜冶金学和区域交易网络的发展并行。没有证据表明社会分层或形成复杂的区域一体化系统,例如(原始)州或城市中心。这一时期的巴尔干社区本质上是具有社会不平等现象的村庄社区(如果存在),仅限于声望和等级可能的差异。
更新日期:2018-09-04
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