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Prospect Farm and the Middle and Later Stone Age Occupation of Mt. Eburru (Central Rift, Kenya) in an East African Context
African Archaeological Review ( IF 1.407 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s10437-019-09342-0
Ann Van Baelen , Alex Wilshaw , Peter Griffith , Gunther Noens , José-Manuel Maíllo-Fernández , Robert A. Foley , Marta Mirazón Lahr

Located within the Nakuru-Naivasha basin on the northern slope of Mt. Eburru, the open-air site of Prospect Farm (Central Rift, Kenya) is one of the few East African sites that have yielded a stratigraphic sequence containing archaeological levels dating from the late Middle Pleistocene to the Holocene. Excavations at the site by Barbara Whitehead Anthony and Glynn Isaac in 1963–1964 exposed Pastoral Neolithic (Stone Bowl culture) and Later Stone Age (LSA; Kenya Capsian) levels overlying four Middle Stone Age (MSA) levels attributed to the Prospect Industry, a local expression of the Kenya Stillbay. This paper integrates the information currently available for the site and discusses its relevance in a wider East African context. Furthermore, it presents the results of a density survey completed in 2014, mapping the spatial distribution of artifacts along the northern slope of Mt. Eburru and providing data on the landscape setting of the site. The survey identified marked differences in the distribution of diagnostic MSA vs. LSA artifacts: whereas MSA finds cluster at two particular mid-altitude locations (2,102–2,108 m and 2,138–2,140 m a.s.l.) corresponding to the position of Anthony’s Localities I and II, LSA finds tend to show a much broader spatial distribution including both higher and lower altitudes.

中文翻译:

展望农场和中后期石器时代占领的山。东非背景下的埃布鲁(肯尼亚中央裂谷)

位于山北坡的纳库鲁-奈瓦沙盆地内。Eburru 是 Prospect Farm(肯尼亚中央裂谷)的露天遗址,是为数不多的东非遗址之一,这些遗址产生了包含从中更新世晚期到全新世的考古水平的地层序列。Barbara Whitehead Anthony 和 Glynn Isaac 于 1963 年至 1964 年在现场的挖掘工作暴露了新石器时代田园(石碗文化)和石器时代晚期(LSA;Kenya Capsian)的水平,覆盖四个中石器时代(MSA)水平,归因于前景行业肯尼亚 Stillbay 的当地表达。本文整合了该网站目前可用的信息,并讨论了其在更广泛的东非背景下的相关性。此外,它还介绍了 2014 年完成的密度调查的结果,绘制沿山北坡的文物空间分布图。Eburru 并提供有关该站点景观设置的数据。该调查确定了诊断 MSA 与 LSA 伪影分布的显着差异:而 MSA 在两个特定的中海拔位置(2,102-2,108 m 和 2,138-2,140 m asl)发现了簇,对应于 Anthony's Localities I 和 II 的位置, LSA 的发现往往显示出更广泛的空间分布,包括更高和更低的高度。
更新日期:2019-07-20
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