ABSTRACT

The digital transformation of our society coupled with the increasing exploitation of natural resources makes sustainability challenges more complex and dynamic than ever before. These changes will unlikely stop or even decelerate in the near future. There is an urgent need for a new scientific approach and an advanced form of evidence-based decision-making towards the benefit of society, the economy, and the environment. To understand the impacts and interrelationships between humans as a society and natural Earth system processes, we propose a new engineering discipline, Big Earth Data science. This science is called to provide the methodologies and tools to generate knowledge from diverse, numerous, and complex data sources necessary to ensure a sustainable human society essential for the preservation of planet Earth. Big Earth Data science aims at utilizing data from Earth observation and social sensing and develop theories for understanding the mechanisms of how such a social-physical system operates and evolves. The manuscript introduces the universe of discourse characterizing this new science, its foundational paradigms and methodologies, and a possible technological framework to be implemented by applying an ecosystem approach. CASEarth and GEOSS are presented as examples of international implementation attempts. Conclusions discuss important challenges and collaboration opportunities.

摘要

我们社会的数字化转型以及对自然资源的日益利用，使可持续性挑战比以往任何时候都更加复杂和动态。这些变化不太可能在不久的将来停止甚至减速。迫切需要一种新的科学方法和先进形式的循证决策，以造福于社会，经济和环境。为了了解人类作为一个社会与自然地球系统过程之间的影响和相互关系，我们提出了一个新的工程学科，即大地球数据科学。呼吁人们提供这门科学，以提供方法和工具，以从各种，众多和复杂的数据源中获取知识，以确保对地球的保护至关重要的可持续人类社会。大地球数据科学旨在利用来自地球观测和社会感知的数据，并发展一些理论来理解这种社会物理系统如何运作和发展的机制。该手稿介绍了表征这一新科学的话语领域，其基础范式和方法论，以及通过应用生态系统方法可能实现的技术框架。介绍了CASEarth和GEOSS作为国际实施尝试的示例。结论讨论了重要的挑战和合作机会。它的基本范式和方法论，以及通过应用生态系统方法可能实现的技术框架。介绍了CASEarth和GEOSS作为国际实施尝试的示例。结论讨论了重要的挑战和合作机会。它的基本范式和方法论，以及通过应用生态系统方法可能实施的技术框架。介绍了CASEarth和GEOSS作为国际实施尝试的示例。结论讨论了重要的挑战和合作机会。