It was our hypothesis that foods high in polyphenols and fiber have prebiotic activity. This human intervention study aimed to determine if daily consumption of freeze-dried California strawberry powder (SBP) leads to changes in the intestinal microbiota, fecal cholesterol and bile acid (BA) microbial metabolites. Fifteen healthy adults consumed a beige diet+26 g of SBP for 4 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of beige diet only. Stool samples were collected at 0, 4, and 6 weeks. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing; fecal cholesterol, BA, and microbial metabolites by gas chromatography. Confirming compliance, urine concentration of pelargonidin, urolithin A glucuronide and dimethylellagic acid glucuronide were present after 4 weeks of SBP consumption. Daily SBP altered the abundance of 24 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Comparing week 4 to baseline the most significant increases were observed for one OTU from Firmicutes\Clostridia\ Christensenellaceae\NA, one OTU from Firmicutes\ Clostridia\Mogibacteriacea\NA, one OTU from Verrucomicrobia\ Verrucomicrobiaceae\Akkermansia\Muciniphila, one OTU from Actinobacteria\ Bifidobacteriaceae\Bifidobacterium\NA, and one OTU from Bacteroidetes\Bacteroidia\ Bacteroidaceae\Bacteroides and decrease of one OTU from Proteobacteria\ Betaproteobacteria\Alcaligenaceae\Sutterella. Comparing week 4 to 6, we observed a reversal of the same OTUs from C Christensenellaceae, V muciniphilia and C Mogibacteriaceae. Fecal short chain fatty acids and most of the fecal markers including cholesterol, coprostanol, primary and secondary BAs were not changed significantly except for lithocholic acid, which was increased significantly at week 6 compared to baseline. In summary, SBP consumption increased the abundance of gut microorganisms related to lean body weight, health and longevity, and increased fecal lithocholic acid at week 6 in healthy study participants.

中文翻译：

---

加州草莓消费增加了与健康受试者的瘦体重、健康和长寿相关的肠道微生物的丰度

我们假设富含多酚和纤维的食物具有益生元活性。这项人类干预研究旨在确定每日食用冷冻干燥的加州草莓粉 (SBP) 是否会导致肠道微生物群、粪便胆固醇和胆汁酸 (BA) 微生物代谢物的变化。15 名健康成年人连续 4 周食用米色饮食 + 26 克 SBP，然后仅食用米色饮食 2 周。在第 0、4 和 6 周收集粪便样本。通过16S rRNA测序分析粪便微生物群；通过气相色谱法测定粪便胆固醇、BA 和微生物代谢物。确认依从性，在服用 SBP 4 周后，天竺葵素、尿石素 A 葡萄糖醛酸苷和二甲基鞣花酸葡萄糖苷酸的尿液浓度存在。每日 SBP 改变了 24 个操作分类单位 (OTU) 的丰度。将第 4 周与基线相比，观察到来自厚壁菌门\梭状芽孢杆菌\克里斯滕森菌科\NA 的一种 OTU、来自厚壁菌门\梭状芽孢杆菌\Mogibacteriacea\NA 的一种 OTU、一种来自疣微菌\疣微菌科\阿克曼氏菌\粘液杆菌\的 OTU 的 OTU，以及一种来自放线菌\的 OTU双歧杆菌\双歧杆菌\NA，以及来自拟杆菌\拟杆菌\拟杆菌科\拟杆菌的 1 个 OTU 和来自变形杆菌\β-变形杆菌\Alcaligenaceae\Sutterella 的 1 个 OTU 减少。比较第 4 周到第 6 周，我们观察到来自 C Christensenellaceae、V muciniphilia 和 C Mogibacteriaceae 的相同 OTU 的逆转。除石胆酸外，粪便短链脂肪酸和大多数粪便标志物包括胆固醇、粪前列醇、初级和次级 BA 没有显着变化，与基线相比，第 6 周显着增加。总而言之，在第 6 周，健康研究参与者的 SBP 消耗增加了与瘦体重、健康和长寿相关的肠道微生物的丰度，并增加了粪便石胆酸。