Due to the rapid development of the internet of Things (ioT), a massive number of devices are connected to the internet. For these distributed devices in ioT networks, how to ensure their security and privacy becomes a significant challenge. Blockchain technology provides a promising solution to protect the data integrity, provenance, privacy, and consistency for ioT networks. in blockchains, communication is a prerequisite for participants, which are distributed in the system, to reach consensus. However, in ioT networks, most of the devices communicate through wireless links, which are not always reliable. Hence, the communication reliability of ioT devices influences the system security. in this article, we rethink the roles of communication and computing in blockchains by accounting for communication reliability. We analyze the trade-off between communication reliability and computing power in blockchain security, and present a lower bound to the computing power that is needed to conduct an attack with a given communication reliability. Simulation results show that adversarial nodes can succeed in tampering with a block with less computing power by hindering the propagation of blocks from other nodes.

中文翻译：

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从无线通信的角度重新思考物联网时代的区块链

由于物联网（ioT）的快速发展，大量设备已连接到互联网。对于ioT网络中的这些分布式设备，如何确保其安全性和隐私性成为一个重大挑战。区块链技术提供了一种有前途的解决方案，可以保护ioT网络的数据完整性，出处，隐私和一致性。在区块链中，通信是参与者的先决条件，参与者必须分布在系统中才能达成共识。但是，在ioT网络中，大多数设备都是通过无线链路通信的，而这种通信并不总是可靠的。因此，ioT设备的通信可靠性会影响系统安全性。在本文中，我们通过考虑通信的可靠性来重新考虑通信和计算在区块链中的作用。我们分析了区块链安全性中通信可靠性与计算能力之间的权衡，并提出了在给定通信可靠性下进行攻击所需的计算能力下限。仿真结果表明，对抗节点可以通过阻止其他节点传播数据块来成功篡改具有较小计算能力的数据块。