Background:

This paper describes barriers to engagement in the context of group activities attended by nursing home residents with dementia.

Objective:

The goal is to clarify the presence and types of barriers to group activities for persons with dementia.

Methods:

Therapeutic recreation staff (TRs) who conducted the group activities, and trained research observers (ROs) independently identified barriers occurring during group activity sessions through ratings and open-ended comments, which were analyzed via a mixed-method approach.

Results:

Barriers were related to specific participant, environmental, and group session characteristics. Most frequently noted barriers were participant-related, pertaining to apathy and challenging behavior. Noise was the most frequent environmental barrier. Overall, ROs reported more barriers than TRs, yet TRs reported the barrier of inappropriate topic more frequently than ROs.

Conclusions:

The study suggests that the number and specific types of barriers are associated with negative engagement outcomes. Insight into these barriers is the first step toward addressing them and minimizing their effects.

中文翻译：

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痴呆症患者娱乐团体成功的障碍

背景：

本文描述了在患有痴呆症的疗养院居民参加的团体活动中参与的障碍。

客观的：

目标是明确痴呆症患者团体活动障碍的存在和类型。

方法：

进行小组活动的治疗性娱乐人员 (TR) 和训练有素的研究观察员 (RO) 通过评分和开放式评论独立确定小组活动期间发生的障碍，并通过混合方法进行分析。

结果：

障碍与特定参与者、环境和小组会议特征有关。最常见的障碍与参与者有关，与冷漠和挑战行为有关。噪音是最常见的环境障碍。总体而言，RO 报告的障碍比 TR 多，但 TR 比 RO 更频繁地报告不适当主题的障碍。

结论：

该研究表明，障碍的数量和具体类型与负面参与结果有关。深入了解这些障碍是解决这些障碍并将其影响降至最低的第一步。