The interplay between superconductivity, magnetic field, and spin-orbit coupling can lead to the realization of nontrivial topological phases. Recent experiments have found signatures of such phases in magnetic nanoflakes formed by nanostructures coupled to a superconducting substrate. These heterostructures comprise a topologically nontrivial region surrounded by a trivial one due to the finite magnetic exchange field induced by the magnetic nanoflake. The analysis of the topological phase diagram of such a system shows that a similar phase separation occurs by tuning the chemical potential of the nanoflake. In this paper, we study such a possibility in detail, analyzing the spatial extent of the edge modes circulating around the nanoflake and discussing some practical implementations. We also show how the chirality of Majorana edge states can be probed using scanning tunneling spectroscopy with a double-tip setup.

中文翻译：

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探索超导体中二维纳米薄片周围的一维Majorana边缘态的手征性

超导性，磁场和自旋轨道耦合之间的相互作用可以导致实现非平凡的拓扑相位。最近的实验已经在由耦合到超导衬底的纳米结构形成的磁性纳米薄片中发现了这种相的特征。由于由磁性纳米薄片感应的有限的磁场交换，这些异质结构包括一个由一个琐碎的区域围绕的拓扑非平凡区域。对这种系统的拓扑相图的分析表明，通过调节纳米薄片的化学势会发生类似的相分离。在本文中，我们将详细研究这种可能性，分析纳米薄片周围循环的边缘模式的空间范围，并讨论一些实际的实现方法。