ABSTRACT Sir Jagadis Chandra Bose, India’s first modern biologist departed boldly from mainstream botany by claiming that plants possess “nerves” and “pulsating cells” that function respectively much like the nerve and heart cells of animals. These ideas were based on highly sensitive measurements he made of various plant functions by means of assorted ingenious instruments of his own design. Despite being the most internationally celebrated plant biologist of the early 20th century, by the end of his life, Bose had become a scientific pariah whose work was expunged from Western histories of plant biology for nearly a century. In the 21st century, Bose’s contributions to biology have begun to be appreciated anew, particularly within the plant neurobiology community. The present contribution examines the motivating factors behind the anti-Bose camp in the United States in the 1920s. It is concluded that the opposition to Bose’s ideas during this period had less to do with scientific dialectics than with jealousy over Bose’s international acclaim and the prevailing racism of the era.

中文翻译：

---

美国种族主义和植物神经生物学之父贾加迪斯·钱德拉·博斯爵士遗失的遗产

摘要 印度第一位现代生物学家贾加迪斯·钱德拉·博斯爵士大胆地背离了主流植物学，声称植物具有“神经”和“脉动细胞”，它们的功能分别很像动物的神经和心脏细胞。这些想法是基于他通过自己设计的各种巧妙仪器对各种植物功能进行的高度灵敏的测量。尽管是 20 世纪初期国际上最著名的植物生物学家，但在他生命的尽头，博斯已成为科学界的贱民，他的工作从西方植物生物学历史中消失了近一个世纪。在 21 世纪，Bose 对生物学的贡献开始重新受到重视，尤其是在植物神经生物学界。目前的贡献研究了 1920 年代美国反 Bose 阵营背后的激励因素。得出的结论是，在此期间对 Bose 思想的反对与其说是科学辩证法，不如说是对 Bose 的国际赞誉和当时盛行的种族主义的嫉妒。