Abstract Silicon (Si) is considered as one of the most promising anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, rapid capacity decay caused by huge volume change and low electrical conductivity limit its further development. Herein, uniform porous Si@C (pSi@C) from commercial Mg2Si alloy and pitch is synthesized by green vacuum distillation method. During this process, the low boiling-point Mg is evaporated and cycled to form porous Si. Besides, the high-graphitization C layer is obtained because the metallic Mg favors the graphitization degree of C. As a result, the carbon coating layer and unique porous structure can improve electrical conductivity and accommodate volume change of Si anode without destroying solid electrolyte interface. The optimal pSi@C shows improved lithium storage with stable cyclability and superior rate capability.

中文翻译：

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用于高能锂离子电池的高石墨化商业合金纳米多孔硅@碳的绿色简便制备

摘要 硅（Si）被认为是最有前途的锂离子电池（LIBs）负极之一。然而，巨大的体积变化和低电导率引起的快速容量衰减限制了其进一步发展。在此，通过绿色真空蒸馏法从商业 Mg2Si 合金和沥青中合成均匀多孔的 Si@C（pSi@C）。在此过程中，低沸点镁被蒸发并循环形成多孔硅。此外，由于金属Mg有利于C的石墨化程度，获得高石墨化C层。因此，碳涂层和独特的多孔结构可以在不破坏固体电解质界面的情况下提高导电性并适应Si阳极的体积变化。最佳的 pSi@C 显示出改进的锂存储，具有稳定的循环性能和优异的倍率性能。