Cognitive abilities are compromised with advancing age posing a great risk for the development of dementia and other related brain disorders. Genetic susceptibility as well as environmental exposures determine the fate of cognitive aging and its transition to pathological states. Emerging epidemiological and observational studies have revealed the importance of lifestyle factors including dietary patterns and nutritional intake in the maintenance of cognitive health and reducing the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. In this context, nutraceutical interventions have gained considerable attention in preventing age-related cognitive deficits and counteracting pathological processes. Nutraceuticals include dietary plants and derivatives, food supplements and processed foods with nutritional and pharmaceutical values. The present review highlights the importance of nutraceuticals in attenuating cognitive aging and its progression to dementia, with specific emphasis on chemical constituents, neurocognitive properties and mechanism of action.

随着年龄的增长，认知能力受到损害，这对痴呆和其他相关脑部疾病的发展构成巨大风险。遗传易感性以及环境暴露决定了认知衰老的命运及其向病理状态的转变。新兴的流行病学和观察性研究揭示了生活方式因素（包括饮食模式和营养摄入）在维持认知健康和降低神经退行性疾病风险方面的重要性。在这种情况下，营养干预在预防与年龄相关的认知缺陷和对抗病理过程方面得到了相当多的关注。营养品包括具有营养和药物价值的膳食植物和衍生物、食品补充剂和加工食品。