Abstract

Essential oil (EO) of aerial parts (twigs and needles) of an Algerian-Moroccan endemic pine Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. mauritanica (Mair. & Pey.) (Pinaceae) collected in Northern Algeria were extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) and solid phase micro-extraction (SPME). The compounds were analysed using Gas Chromatography (GC) and GC-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The mean oil yield was 0.23%, for twigs and 0.47% for needles. 83 and 91 compounds have been identified for needles and twigs respectively. Chemical divergences from all other studied Black pines worldwide were observed in needles where the major components identified by HD are β-caryophyllene (26.2%), germacrene D (17.2%), α-pinene (9.4%) unveiling a new chemotype. Significative qualitative and quantitative differences were observed in chemical composition, depending on both technics HD and SPME. Twigs showed a higher potential for the antioxidant activities DPPH, ABTS and β-carotene system than EO needles. In other hand, needles revealed a higher activity for all concentrations than twigs with significant differences (p < 0.05). For phosphomolybden tests, both EOs exhibited more significant antioxidant potential compared to the DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene and reducing power systems. Noticeable insecticidal effects with variable rate depending on used plant parts, concentration, duration and frequency of exposure were also observed.

摘要

阿尔及利亚-摩洛哥地方性松树Pinus nigra Arn地上部分（树枝和针叶）的精油 (EO) 。ssp。毛里塔尼亚(Mair. & Pey.) (Pinaceae) 采集于阿尔及利亚北部，通过加氢蒸馏 (HD) 和固相微萃取 (SPME) 进行提取。使用气相色谱 (GC) 和 GC-质谱 (GC-MS) 分析化合物。树枝的平均出油率为 0.23%，针叶的平均出油率为 0.47%。针和树枝分别鉴定出 83 和 91 种化合物。在针叶中观察到与全球所有其他研究过的黑松的化学差异，其中 HD 鉴定的主要成分是 β-石竹烯 (26.2%)、锗烯 D (17.2%)、α-蒎烯 (9.4%)，揭示了一种新的化学型。在化学成分中观察到显着的定性和定量差异，这取决于工艺 HD 和 SPME。与 EO 针相比，树枝显示出更高的抗氧化活性 DPPH、ABTS 和 β-胡萝卜素系统的潜力。另一方面，针在所有浓度下的活性都高于具有显着差异的树枝（p < 0.05）。对于磷钼测试，与 DPPH、ABTS、β-胡萝卜素和还原力系统相比，两种 EO 都表现出更显着的抗氧化潜力。根据使用的植物部位、浓度、持续时间和暴露频率，还观察到显着的杀虫效果，其速率可变。