With the rapid deployment of silicon solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies around the world, the volume of end-of-life (EoL) PV modules will increase exponentially in the next decade. Different EoL management strategies are being explored in the industrial and academic fields, such as recycling, remanufacturing and reusing. In this study, we used a Monte Carlo uncertainty model to identify the potential economic benefits of closed-loop recycling of EoL PV modules when recycled silicon is integrated into different stages of the PV supply chain. Circular use of high-purity silicon and intact silicon wafers from EoL PV modules can be economically feasible in reducing 20% of the manufacturing cost of the second-life modules, even with some efficiency reductions. Even though the price of new PV modules is decreasing rapidly (making PV modules less attractive from a recycling perspective), circular use of material from EoL modules in second-life production was found to have promising long-term environmental and economic benefits. The cost–efficiency trade-off is shown to provide cost targets for new PV recycling technologies.

中文翻译：

---

再制造报废硅光伏：可行性和可行性分析

随着硅太阳能光伏 (PV) 技术在全球范围内的快速部署，未来十年报废 (EoL) 光伏组件的数量将呈指数级增长。工业和学术领域正在探索不同的 EoL 管理策略，例如回收、再制造和再利用。在本研究中，我们使用蒙特卡罗不确定性模型来确定当回收的硅集成到光伏供应链的不同阶段时，EoL 光伏组件闭环回收的潜在经济效益。循环使用来自 EoL 光伏组件的高纯度硅和完整硅晶片在经济上可行，即使在效率有所降低的情况下，也可以将二次寿命组件的制造成本降低 20%。尽管新光伏组件的价格正在迅速下降（从回收的角度来看，使光伏组件的吸引力降低），但发现在第二次生命生产中循环使用来自 EoL 组件的材料具有良好的长期环境和经济效益。成本-效率的权衡显示为新的光伏回收技术提供成本目标。