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Trait–environment relationships could alter the spatial and temporal characteristics of aquatic insect subsidies at the macrospatial scale
Ecography ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 , DOI: 10.1111/ecog.05298
Darin Kopp 1 , Daniel Allen 1
Affiliation  

Ecological flows across ecosystem boundaries are typically studied at spatial scales that limit our understanding of broad geographical patterns in ecosystem linkages. Aquatic insects that metamorphose into terrestrial adults are important resource subsidies for terrestrial ecosystems. Traits related to their development and dispersal should determine their availability to terrestrial consumers. Here, we synthesize geospatial, aquatic biomonitoring and biological traits data to quantify the relative importance of several environmental gradients on the potential spatial and temporal characteristics of aquatic insect subsidies across the contiguous United States. We found the trait composition of benthic macroinvertebrate communities varies among hydrologic regions and could affect how aquatic insects transport subsidies as adults. Further, several trait–environment relationships were underpinned by hydrology. Large bodied taxa that could disperse further from the stream were associated with hydrologically stable conditions. Alternatively, hydrologically variable conditions were associated with multivoltine taxa that could extend the duration of subsidies with periodic emergence events throughout the year. We also found that anthropogenic impacts decrease the frequency of individuals with adult flight but potentially extend the distance subsidies travel into the terrestrial ecosystem. Collectively, these results suggest that natural and anthropogenic gradients could affect aquatic insect subsidies by changing the trait composition of benthic macroinvertebrate communities. The conceptual framework and trait–environment relationships we present shows promise for understanding broad geographical patterns in linkages between ecosystems.

中文翻译:

性状与环境的关系可能会在宏观空间尺度上改变水生昆虫补贴的时空特征

跨生态系统边界的生态流通常在空间尺度上进行研究,这限制了我们对生态系统联系中广泛的地理模式的理解。变成陆地成虫的水生昆虫是陆地生态系统的重要资源补贴。与它们的发展和传播有关的性状应决定其对地面消费者的可利用性。在这里,我们综合了地理空间,水生生物监测和生物特征数据,以量化几个环境梯度对整个美国水生昆虫补贴的潜在时空特征的相对重要性。我们发现底栖大型无脊椎动物群落的特征组成在水文区域之间存在差异,并可能影响水生昆虫成年后如何运输补贴。进一步,水文学支持了几种特质与环境的关系。可能从水流中进一步扩散的大型生物分类群与水文稳定条件相关。另外,水文变化的条件与多类群有关,这可能会延长补贴的持续时间,并在一年中出现周期性的突发事件。我们还发现,人为影响降低了成年逃逸者的频率,但可能延长了补贴进入陆地生态系统的距离。总体而言,这些结果表明,自然梯度和人为梯度可能会通过改变底栖大型无脊椎动物群落的性状组成而影响水生昆虫的补贴。
更新日期:2020-12-02
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