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Craving management: Exploring factors that influence momentary craving-related risk of cannabis use among young adults
Addictive Behaviors ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106750
Matthew C. Enkema , Kevin A. Hallgren , Sarah Bowen , Christine M. Lee , Mary E. Larimer

Young adult frequent cannabis use has increased in prevalence and some frequent users have problems reducing their use. A strong link between momentary craving and subsequent use behaviors among individuals with problematic cannabis use has been reported in the literature, including young adults. In treatment contexts, interventions based on associative learning and reinforcement aim to reduce the prevalence of problematic substance use by altering the association between craving and use by increasing craving management skills such as mindfulness and reducing unhelpful responding such as avoidance or suppression. However, this model has not been tested among young adult cannabis users. The current study examined the influence of trait and state craving management strategies (mindfulness, coping style, experiential avoidance, and craving beliefs) on the link between momentary craving and use, using ecological momentary assessment in a sample of young adults with problematic use interested in reducing their use. Results demonstrated that two craving management constructs were associated with use: non-reactivity (p = 0.02) and non-judgment (p < 0.01). Interactions with momentary craving were observed for two constructs: non-judgmentalness (p = 0.02) and craving beliefs (p < 0.01). Findings suggest that treatments that increase non-reactivity and non-judgmentalness may reduce the occurrence of cannabis use for young adults contemplating reduction during an important period of biopsychosocial development by mitigating the impact of craving or directly reducing use. Additionally, negative beliefs about craving may serve a protective function during acute periods of elevation in momentary craving, an unexpected finding deserving further investigation.



中文翻译:

渴望管理:探索影响年轻人中与暂时性渴望相关的大麻使用风险的因素

年轻成人经常使用大麻的流行率有所提高,一些经常使用大麻的人在减少其使用方面存在问题。包括年轻人在内的文献中已经报告了大麻使用存在问题的个体之间的瞬时渴望与随后的使用行为之间的密切联系。在治疗方面,基于联想学习和强化的干预措施旨在通过增加渴望的管理技能(如正念)和减少无益的响应(如避免或抑制)来改变渴望与使用之间的联系,从而减少有问题物质的使用。但是,该模型尚未在年轻的成年大麻使用者中进行过测试。本研究调查了特质和状态渴望管理策略(正念,应对方式,体验回避,和渴望信念)之间的联系,在对使用有问题,有兴趣减少使用的年轻人的样本中使用生态瞬时评估。结果表明,两种渴望的管理构想与使用相关:非反应性(p  = 0.02)和非判断(p  <0.01)。观察到两种渴望与瞬间渴望的相互作用:非判断性(p  = 0.02)和渴望信念(p  <0.01)。研究结果表明,增加非反应性和非判断性的治疗可通过减少渴望或直接减少使用的影响,减少在生物心理社会发展的重要时期内考虑减少大麻使用的年轻人的发生。另外,对渴望的消极信念可能会在瞬间渴望升高的急性时期起到保护作用,这是一个意外发现,值得进一步研究。

更新日期:2020-12-29
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