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Monitoring and control airblast overpressures in an open pit coal mine
Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2020.102960
Jaroonpattanapong P , K. Tachom

Besides ground vibrations, air transmitted vibrations or airblast overpressures (AOp), are also generated during blasting operations. Mae Moh coal mine, Thailand, has been concerned about both ground and air vibrations because the residents nearby are located less than 2 km to the southeast of the mine. Most previous studies mainly focused on the air blast prediction by using from basic generalized equations to the sophisticated Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. In addition, many controllable and uncontrollable parameters that affect AOp were extensively studies. Blasting operation unit at the mine uses a sequential blasting machine to detonate electrical detonators with a variety of delay time between rows and blasting directions. The wavefront reinforcement model was selected to test its theory that the levels of AOp will increase at the locations where wavefronts are reinforced and, at the same time, to recommend an appropriate delay time between rows and blasting directions that may reduce AOp. The wavefront reinforcement model accounts for input burden, spacing, and sequential delay time from blastholes to generate air wavefronts transmitted out in all directions. The overall 54 blasts were conducted and recorded AOp in dB(L) unit to test the model. Only 37 blasts that had one seismograph placed at the wavefront reinforcement area and another one placed at the non-reinforcement area could be compared. The results indicated that AOp levels were higher in areas of wavefront reinforcement compared to non-reinforcement in 29 (78.4%) of all valid blasts. Most air wavefront reinforcement occurred at in front and to the back of the blasting direction. The blasting patterns of the mine were studies and indicated that the delay time between rows or circuits should be nearly 200 ms to minimize the wavefront reinforcement areas. Graphs of cube root scaled distance were provided to illustrate the effect of blast direction on the increasing of AOp.



中文翻译:

监视和控制露天煤矿中的爆破超压

除地面振动外,在爆破过程中还会产生空气传播的振动或空气超压(AOp)。泰国的Mae Moh煤矿一直担心地面和空气的振动,因为附近的居民距离该矿的东南部不到2公里。以往的大多数研究主要通过从基本的广义方程到复杂的人工智能(AI)技术,来着重于爆炸的预测。此外,对影响AOp的许多可控和不可控参数进行了广泛研究。矿山中的爆破作业单元使用顺序爆破机来爆轰电雷管,在行和爆破方向之间具有各种延迟时间。选择波前加固模型来测试其理论,即在加固波前的位置处AOp的水平会增加,同时建议在行和爆破方向之间适当的延迟时间,以减少AOp。波前增强模型考虑了从炮眼输入的负担,间隔和顺序延迟时间,以生成向各个方向传播的空气波前。进行了总共54次爆炸,并以dB(L)单位记录了AOp,以测试模型。只能比较在波前加固区域放置一台地震仪和在非加固区域放置一台地震仪的37次爆炸。结果表明,在所有有效爆炸中,有29个(78.4%)的爆炸波前增强区域的AOp水平高于未增强区域。大多数空气波前增强发生在爆破方向的前部和后部。对矿山的爆破模式进行了研究,结果表明,行或电路之间的延迟时间应接近200毫秒,以最大程度地减小波前加固区域。提供了立方根标度距离图,以说明爆炸方向对AOp的增加的影响。

更新日期:2021-02-10
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