Cognitive reappraisal is an important emotion regulation skill for psychological health and well-being, however, some people cannot use this strategy effectively. We investigated EEG alpha asymmetry by calculating lateral index (LI) when twenty-six healthy participants were instructed to complete the emotion cognitive reappraisal task of viewing neutral pictures, watching negative pictures and reappraising negative pictures. According to self-reported valence and arousal, the participants were divided into effective and ineffective groups. Habitual use of rumination was also assessed using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). EEG alpha asymmetry results demonstrated that, ineffective group showed greater relative right temporal activity than effective group in the early stage of reappraisal, indicating higher subjective arousal. Both groups showed greater relative left frontal alpha activity in the late stages of reappraisal compared with watching negative images, indicating the recruitment of corresponding functions in prefrontal regulatory circuitry during the effort of reappraisal. CERQ analysis results showed that, ineffective group got significantly higher score than effective group in habitual use of rumination. Partial correlation revealed that, in male participants, temporal LI change (negative-reappraisal minus negative-watch) was negatively correlated with self-reported arousal and habitual use of rumination. In addition, by using K-means cluster analysis, temporal LI combined with CERQ-rumination score achieved a classification accuracy of 84.6 %. These findings suggested that, EEG alpha asymmetry as well as the habitual use of rumination accounted for the reappraisal effectiveness.

认知重评是心理健康和幸福感的重要情绪调节技能，但是，有些人不能有效地使用这种策略。当指示 26 名健康参与者完成查看中性图片、观看负面图片和重新评估负面图片的情绪认知重新评估任务时，我们通过计算横向指数 (LI) 来研究 EEG alpha 不对称性。根据自我报告的效价和唤醒度，将参与者分为有效组和无效组。还使用认知情绪调节问卷 (CERQ) 评估了沉思的习惯性使用。脑电α不对称结果表明，在再评价的早期，无效组比有效组表现出更大的相对右侧时间活动，表明更高的主观唤醒。与观看负面图像相比，两组在重新评估的后期都显示出更大的相对左额叶 alpha 活动，表明在重新评估的过程中，前额叶调节回路中相应功能的募集。CERQ分析结果表明，在习惯性使用反刍方面，无效组得分明显高于有效组。偏相关显示，在男性参与者中，时间 LI 变化（负重评估减去负观察）与自我报告的唤醒和习惯性使用反刍呈负相关。此外，通过使用 K-means 聚类分析，时间 LI 结合 CERQ-反刍得分实现了 84.6% 的分类准确率。这些发现表明，