The occurrence of dust storms in Iran has been a source of interest for centuries, but their study has increased dramatically over the last two decades. This paper reviews recent work on the distribution of dust storms in Iran. We show that the dust events that affect Iran come from sources within the country and also from outside Iran's boundaries. The location of major sources within Iran are identified in high-resolution maps and satellite images. Many of these sources have not been previously identified. This paper discusses the transport pathways of this material, the synoptic conditions associated with dust storms and dust haze, recent changes in dust storm frequencies and their causes, and the consequences of dust storms, particularly with respect to health, for Iranian society. Economic consequences include adverse impacts on solar power generation, crops, productivity of the manufacturing industry, and damage to agricultural land, buildings and infrastructure.

几百年来，伊朗的沙尘暴一直是人们关注的焦点，但是在过去的二十年中，对它们的研究已大大增加。本文回顾了有关伊朗沙尘暴分布的最新工作。我们表明，影响伊朗的尘埃事件既来自该国内部，也来自伊朗境外。高分辨率地图和卫星图像中标识了伊朗境内主要来源的位置。这些来源中有许多以前没有被确定。本文讨论了该物质的运输途径，与沙尘暴和尘雾相关的天气条件，沙尘暴频率及其原因的最新变化以及沙尘暴对伊朗社会的影响，特别是在健康方面。