ABSTRACT Ushuaia, one of five Antarctic gateway cities worldwide, is one of the most prosperous places in Argentina. However, its initial impression to visitors as a highly affluent town can be misleading. Since the mid-2000s, informal settlements have sprung up in the forest belt above the city with an estimated 14% of Ushuaia’s population. These contrasting representations, polar opposites in some ways, are integral parts of Ushuaia and its positioning as a forward-thinking, culturally differentiated Antarctic gateway city. This paper explores this tension through a case study of two settlements in the northwest of the city, including informal settlers' lived experiences and aspirations; representations and processes of urban development, and the views of the formally tenanted population. Ethnographically exploring a topic that has divided Ushuaia for decades and giving a voice to inhabitants of informal settlements adds depth to an otherwise incomplete and top-down understanding of Ushuaia as a tourist town. Informal settlements are an integral part of the city that could, potentially, add value to tourism enterprises and enrich the tourist gaze by providing a less polarised, more inclusive perspective.

中文翻译：

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两极分化的乌斯怀亚：南极门户城市的非正式定居点和旅游业

摘要乌斯怀亚是全球五个南极门户城市之一，是阿根廷最繁华的地方之一。然而，它作为一个高度富裕的城镇给游客的最初印象可能会产生误导。自 2000 年代中期以来，非正式定居点在城市上方的森林带中如雨后春笋般涌现，估计占乌斯怀亚人口的 14%。这些对比鲜明的表现，在某些方面是对立的，是乌斯怀亚不可分割的一部分，也是乌斯怀亚作为具有前瞻性思维、文化差异化的南极门户城市的定位。本文通过对城市西北部两个定居点的案例研究来探讨这种紧张关系，包括非正式定居者的生活经历和愿望；城市发展的表征和过程，以及正式租户的观点。从人种学角度探索一个已经分裂了乌斯怀亚几十年的话题，并为非正式定居点的居民发声，增加了对乌斯怀亚作为旅游城镇的不完整和自上而下的理解的深度。非正式住区是城市不可或缺的一部分，它可以通过提供一种不那么两极分化、更具包容性的视角，潜在地为旅游企业增加价值并丰富旅游者的目光。