Background

The frequency of appearance of anatomical variability in the terminal division of the popliteal artery (PA) is different according to the type of sample used, and ranges from 2% to 21%.

The PA locates 1,01 cm behind to the lateral meniscus, which makes it vulnerable during surgical procedures. Iatrogenic injury of the PA or its terminal branches increases if anatomical variables are present.

Our aim was to describe and review the branching pattern of the PA in a body-donors to science sample to determine the influence of the sample used (body-donors vs imaging test).

Methods

A sample consisting of 260 popliteal regions, corresponding to 130 corpses (66 women, 64 men), have been dissected. Multivariate analysis was carried out.

Results

The terminal division of the PA was classified as follows:

Pattern 1: the PA divided into the anterior tibial (ATA) and the posterior tibial arteries (PTA) at the level or distal to the lower border of the popliteal muscle (PM) (94.7%).

Pattern 2: the PA bifurcated into the ATA and PTA, proximal to the lower border of the PM (3.3%).

Pattern 3: the PA divided at the same level into the ATA, PTA and PEA. (2%).

No significant differences between gender and side of the limb could be find.

Conclusions

We propose a classification that encloses three identifiable groups only. This will allow clinicians to bear in mind these variables easily, at the same time avoiding injuries during surgical procedures such as lateral meniscus repair.

中文翻译：

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腘动脉：解剖学研究与文献复习

背景

腘动脉 (PA) 末端分支中出现解剖变异的频率因所用样本的类型而异，范围从 2% 到 21%。

PA 位于外侧半月板后面 1.01 厘米处，这使得它在手术过程中很容易受到伤害。如果存在解剖变量，PA 或其末端分支的医源性损伤会增加。

我们的目标是描述和审查身体捐赠者到科学样本中 PA 的分支模式，以确定所用样本的影响（身体捐赠者与成像测试）。

方法

已经解剖了由 260 个腘区组成的样本，对应于 130 具尸体（66 名女性，64 名男性）。进行了多变量分析。

结果

PA的终端划分如下：

模式1：PA在腘肌（PM）下缘水平或远端分为胫前动脉（ATA）和胫后动脉（PTA）（94.7%）。

模式 2：PA 分叉为 ATA 和 PTA，靠近 PM 的下边界（3.3%）。

模式三：PA在同一层次上分为ATA、PTA和PEA。(2%)。

没有发现性别和肢体侧面之间的显着差异。

结论

我们提出了一个仅包含三个可识别组的分类。这将使临床医生能够轻松记住这些变量，同时避免在外侧半月板修复等外科手术过程中受伤。