Type I interferons (IFNs) play a central role in host defense against viral infection. Multiple posttranslational modifications including ubiquitination and deubiquitination regulate the function of diverse molecules in type I IFN signaling. Many ubiquitin ligase enzymes, such as those of the TRAF and TRIM families, have been shown to participate in the production of type I IFNs and inflammatory cytokines. However, the function of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), a protein family that counteracts the action of protein ubiquitination, on the regulation of antiviral immune responses is not well understood. In this study, we used the broad-spectrum DUB inhibitor G5 to reveal their function in antiviral signaling, and then systematically analyzed mRNA expression of the DUB genes upon poly (I:C) treatment in THP-1 cells. Based on this analysis, we cloned some DUB genes whose expression changed and determined their function in antiviral signaling. Taken together, we present a comprehensive DUB gene expression analysis in THP-1 cells, and suggest the involvement of this family of proteins in the regulation of host antiviral activities.

I型干扰素（IFN）在宿主防御病毒感染中起着核心作用。包括泛素化和去泛素化在内的多种翻译后修饰可调节I型IFN信号传导中各种分子的功能。许多泛素连接酶（例如TRAF和TRIM家族的那些）已显示参与I型IFN和炎性细胞因子的产生。但是，人们对抗泛素化酶（DUBs）（一种抗衡蛋白质泛素化作用的蛋白质家族）在抗病毒免疫应答调节方面的功能了解甚少。在这项研究中，我们使用了广谱DUB抑制剂G5揭示了它们在抗病毒信号传导中的功能，然后系统地分析了THP-1细胞中多（I：C）处理后DUB基因的mRNA表达。根据此分析，我们克隆了一些DUB基因，它们的表达发生了变化，并确定了它们在抗病毒信号传导中的功能。两者合计，我们目前在THP-1细胞中提供全面的DUB基因表达分析，并建议该蛋白家族参与宿主抗病毒活性的调控。