The article considers the construction of an integrated ventilation system that combines local exhaust ventilation of welders’ workplaces and general exchange ventilation of premises. Using the method of computer simulation, the air movement fields, air temperature and concentration of harmful impurities are calculated. A comparative analysis of the main types of stationary devices for local exhaust ventilation of electric welding workplaces, such as exhaust hoods, welding panels, as well as air-blow exhaust devices, is carried out. The conditions for the effective use of lift-and-turn exhaust devices have been determined. The factors influencing the efficiency of their operation have been identified, and combinations of influencing factors that ensure the maximum permissible concentrations of harmful emissions in the welders’ working areas have been established. The conditions under which the general exchange effect of local exhaust is sufficient to maintain the concentration in the room at the level of maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) have been determined. The results obtained can be used to develop engineering methods for calculating and optimizing ventilation devices and systems, as well as to analyze structural and design solutions for the ventilation of electric welding productions.

本文考虑了一个综合通风系统的建设，该系统结合了焊工工作场所的局部排气通风和场所的一般交换通风。使用计算机模拟的方法，可以计算出空气的运动场，空气温度和有害杂质的浓度。对用于电焊工作场所局部排气通风的固定装置的主要类型进行了比较分析，例如排气罩，焊接面板以及鼓风排气装置。确定了有效使用升降机排气装置的条件。确定了影响其运行效率的因素，并建立了影响因素的组合，以确保焊工工作区域中有害物质的最大允许浓度。已经确定了局部排气的一般交换效果足以将房间中的浓度保持在最大允许浓度（MPC）的条件。获得的结果可用于开发用于计算和优化通风设备和系统的工程方法，以及用于分析电焊产品通风的结构和设计解决方案。