The present article investigates the impact of muons on core-collapse supernovae, with particular focus on the early muon neutrino emission. While the presence of muons is well understood in the context of neutron stars, until the recent study by Bollig et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 242702 (2017)] the role of muons in core-collapse supernovae had been neglected - electrons and neutrinos were the only leptons considered. In their study, Bollig~et~al. disentangled the muon and tau neutrinos and antineutrinos and included a variety of muonic weak reactions, all of which the present paper follows closely. Only then does it becomes possible to quantify the appearance of muons shortly before stellar core bounce and how the post-bounce prompt neutrino emission is modified.

中文翻译：

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超新星物质的木子化

本文研究μ子对核心坍缩超新星的影响，特别关注早期μ子中微子发射。虽然在中子星的背景下，μ 子的存在很好理解，但直到最近 Bollig 等人的研究。[物理。牧师莱特。119, 242702 (2017)] μ子在核心坍缩超新星中的作用被忽略了——电子和中微子是唯一考虑的轻子。在他们的研究中，Bollig~et~al。解开 μ 子和 tau 中微子和反中微子，包括各种 μ 子弱反应，所有这些都是本文密切关注的。只有这样，才有可能在恒星核心反弹前不久量化 μ 子的出现以及反弹后瞬发中微子发射是如何被修改的。