Plant functional traits provide a valuable tool to improve our understanding of ecological processes at a range of scales. Previous handbooks on plant functional traits have highlighted the importance of standardising measurements of traits to improve our understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes. In open ecosystems (i.e. grasslands, savannas, open woodlands and shrublands), traits related to disturbance (e.g. herbivory, drought, and fire) play a central role in explaining species performance and distributions and are the focus of this handbook. We provide brief descriptions of 34 traits and list important environmental filters and their relevance, provide detailed sampling methodologies and outline potential pitfalls for each trait. We have grouped traits according to plant functional type (grasses, forbs and woody plants) and, because demographic stages may experience different selective pressures, we have separated traits according to the different plant life stages (seedlings saplings and adults). We have attempted to not include traits that have been covered in previous handbooks except for where updates or additional information was considered beneficial.

中文翻译：

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在易受干扰的生态系统中对植物功能性状进行标准化抽样的手册，重点是开放生态系统

植物功能性状提供了一个有价值的工具，可以提高我们对一系列尺度的生态过程的理解。以前关于植物功能性状的手册强调了标准化性状测量以提高我们对生态和进化过程的理解的重要性。在开放生态系统（即草原、稀树草原、开放林地和灌木地）中，与干扰相关的特征（例如食草、干旱和火灾）在解释物种表现和分布方面起着核心作用，也是本手册的重点。我们提供了 34 个特征的简要描述，并列出了重要的环境过滤器及其相关性，提供了详细的采样方法并概述了每个特征的潜在缺陷。我们根据植物功能类型（草、杂草和木本植物）对性状进行了分组，并且，由于人口统计阶段可能会经历不同的选择压力，因此我们根据不同的植物生命阶段（幼苗和成虫）分离了性状。除了更新或附加信息被认为是有益的之外，我们试图不包括以前手册中涵盖的特征。