At present days osteosynthesis modalities for avian fracture management are inadequate. External coaptation is the most practiced method however, specialized clinics have started introducing intramedullary pinning, external skeletal fixation with tie-in-fixation for fracture immobilization. Magnesium (Mg) based biomaterials are trustable developments in the field of orthopedics compared to their permanent stainless steel counterparts concerning long term adverse reaction. Mg implants are becoming promising for their use as intramedullary accessories because they are bioresorbable with high strength-weight ratio and the similarities in density and elastic modulus to the natural bones. However, their severe biodegradation trait restricts frequent use as load-bearing orthopedic implants. In this study, the biocompatibility and biodegradability of Mg based intramedullary cylindrical spacers (2.4 mm diameter × 8 mm height) reinforced with 0, 5, 15 wt% of hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂) were evaluated in 18 Uttara-fowl birds. Clinical, radiological (from immediate postoperative days till 24th week), biochemical (first three postoperative weeks) and histopathological study of test bone were carried out to evaluate implant degradation and osteocompatibility. Biodegradation of Mg-3Zn/0HA and Mg-3Zn/15HA initiated a bit earlier at second week of implantation, while that of Mg-3Zn/5HA at 3-fourth week, and found biocompatible and biodegradable with no observable clinical and histopathological changes.

中文翻译：

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鸟类模型中镁基髓内骨植入物的生物相容性和生物降解性评价

目前，用于禽类骨折管理的骨缝合方式是不充分的。外部接合是最常用的方法，然而，专门的诊所已经开始引入髓内钉扎、外部骨骼固定和带固定的骨折固定。与永久性不锈钢材料相比，镁 (Mg) 基生物材料在骨科领域是值得信赖的发展，涉及长期不良反应。镁植入物作为髓内附件的应用前景广阔，因为它们具有高强度重量比以及与天然骨骼相似的密度和弹性模量的生物可吸收性。然而，它们严重的生物降解特性限制了作为承重骨科植入物的频繁使用。在这项研究中，₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ (OH) ₂ ) 在 18 只北方家禽中进行了评估。对测试骨进行临床、放射学（从术后即刻至第 24 周）、生化（术后前三周）和组织病理学研究，以评估植入物退化和骨相容性。Mg-3Zn/0HA 和 Mg-3Zn/15HA 的生物降解在植入后的第二周稍早开始，而 Mg-3Zn/5HA 在植入后的第 3-4 周开始，并且发现具有生物相容性和可生物降解性，没有可观察到的临床和组织病理学变化。