Carbon is a fascinating element that can be found in a wide spectrum of materials and plays a significant role in diverse disciplines across the scientific community. Carbon nanomaterials take many forms with numerous applications. Controllably tailoring carbon nanomaterials at the molecular scale can be considered as a basic innovation yet remains a significant challenge because of carbon’s intrinsic structural and chemical stability. Herein, we report a molecular scissor to efficiently tailor carbon nanomaterials of different dimensions at a molecular level. By using the Mg/Zn bimetallic effect and CO molecules, a molecular scissor was invented to engineer the surface of carbon nanomaterials with highly interconnected graphene pillared superstructures. The molecular scissor redesigned the carbon materials with improved surface properties for use in various applications. For energy storage application, both ultrahigh surface area and conductivity can be achieved concurrently with substantial ion-reserved accommodation and rapid mass-transfer expressway. As a demonstration, a flexible solid-state supercapacitor based on the surface-tailored carbon fiber was developed with Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/NaSO gel electrolytes. It delivered a remarkably high energy density of 4.63 mW h cm at a power density of 3520 mW cm. This work paves a new way to reinvent carbon materials at the molecular scale and promote their applications for energy storage, sensing, environmental remediation, and healthcare.

中文翻译：

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通过分子剪刀剪裁碳纳米材料

碳是一种令人着迷的元素，可以在多种材料中找到，并在整个科学界的不同学科中发挥着重要作用。碳纳米材料有多种形式和多种应用。在分子尺度上可控地定制碳纳米材料可以被视为一项基本创新，但由于碳固有的结构和化学稳定性，仍然是一个重大挑战。在此，我们报告了一种分子剪刀，可以在分子水平上有效地定制不同尺寸的碳纳米材料。通过利用镁/锌双金属效应和CO分子，发明了一种分子剪刀，用于设计具有高度互连的石墨烯柱超结构的碳纳米材料的表面。分子剪刀重新设计了碳材料，改善了表面性能，可用于各种应用。对于能量存储应用，超高表面积和电导率可以同时实现，同时具有大量的离子保留容纳和快速传质高速公路。作为演示，我们使用聚乙烯醇（PVA）/Na2SO4凝胶电解质开发了一种基于表面定制碳纤维的柔性固态超级电容器。它在 3520 mW cm 的功率密度下提供了 4.63 mWh cm 的极高能量密度。这项工作为在分子尺度上重塑碳材料并促进其在能源存储、传感、环境修复和医疗保健方面的应用铺平了一条新途径。