Abstract It is challenge to quantitatively determine the spin Seebeck effect (SSE) of ferromagnetic metals (FM) due to many other thermoelectric signals including the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE), magnetic proximity-induced ANE, and inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in FM. By comparing the thermoelectric signals of single FM layer and FM/Pt bilayer and model-assisted analyses of ISHE contribution in FM, we are able to determine the pure SSE signals and the spin Seebeck coefficients of Fe, Co, Ni, and Ni80Fe20 over a temperature range from 90 to 300 K. The spin-dependent Seebeck coefficients S ↑ and S ↓ , which is related to the density of states of FM, were also determined experimentally by combining the conventional Seebeck coefficient and the SSE coefficient. We further suggest the calculation of the SSE coefficient should include the spin-dependent conductivities via S s ≡ σ ↑ S ↑ - σ ↓ S ↓ σ ↑ + σ ↓ .

中文翻译：

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Fe、Co、Ni 和 Ni80Fe20 3d 金属薄膜的自旋塞贝克系数

摘要 由于许多其他热电信号，包括异常能斯特效应 (ANE)、磁邻近感应 ANE 和逆自旋霍尔效应 (ISHE)，定量确定铁磁金属 (FM) 的自旋塞贝克效应 (SSE) 是一项挑战。调频。通过比较单层和 FM/Pt 双层的热电信号以及对 FM 中ISHE 贡献的模型辅助分析，我们能够确定纯 SSE 信号和 Fe、Co、Ni 和 Ni80Fe20 的自旋塞贝克系数。温度范围从 90 到 300 K。自旋相关的塞贝克系数 S ↑ 和 S ↓ 与 FM 的态密度有关，也是通过结合常规塞贝克系数和 SSE 系数通过实验确定的。