Spider silk, which is composed of diverse silk proteins (spidroin), is a kind of natural high-mass biomaterial with great potential. However, due to the complexity of both the structure and the composition of the spidroins in natural spider silk, application of this valuable biomass is still limited to date. There are diverse kinds of spider silk in the orb-weaving spider with different mechanical and structural characteristics. In order to systematically illustrate the landscape of all the different spidrons, here we chose Araneus ventricosus, an orb-weaving spider with superior silk mechanical features and genome information, to generate a long-read whole body transcriptome. We deciphered the repeat arrangements of each kind of spidroin, based on which we found that there are substantially transcriptional diversity of each spidroin gene. Some repeat motifs are not documented before. Specifically, we discovered novel full-lengh MaSp transcript as well as a relatively small full-length AcSp isoforms, which are potential promising materials for bioengineering of recombinant spidroin. Our study provided a batch of new spidron resources with detail sequential information. The finding of transcriptional diversity may provide cues in understanding of within-species variation of the mechanical properties of the natural spider silk and further molecular designing of recombinant spidroin.

蜘蛛丝由多种丝绸蛋白（spidroin）组成，是一种具有巨大潜力的天然高生物质材料。然而，由于天然蜘蛛丝中蜘蛛蛋白的结构和组成的复杂性，至今仍不限制这种有价值的生物质的应用。球形编织蜘蛛中有各种各样的蜘蛛丝，具有不同的机械和结构特征。为了系统地说明所有不同旋风盘的景观，在这里我们选择了Araneus ventricosus，一种具有卓越的丝绸机械特性和基因组信息的织球蜘蛛，可产生长时阅读的全身转录组。我们破译了每种spidroin的重复排列，在此基础上我们发现每种spidroin基因在转录上都存在实质性的多样性。某些重复的图案以前没有记录。具体来说，我们发现了新颖的全长MaSp转录本以及相对较小的全长AcSp异构体，它们是重组spidroin的生物工程学中潜在的有前途的材料。我们的研究提供了一批具有详细顺序信息的新spidron资源。转录多样性的发现可能为理解天然蜘蛛丝的机械特性的种内变化以及重组蜘蛛丝蛋白的进一步分子设计提供线索。