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Effects of the timing of sea ice retreat on demersal fish assemblages in the northern bering and Chukchi Seas
Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2020.104910
Sango Nishio , Hiroko Sasaki , Hisatomo Waga , Orio Yamamura

The structure of demersal fish assemblages was investigated based on a total of 134 trawl samples collected in the northern Bering Sea (NBS) and Chukchi Sea (CS) during 12 summers between 1990 and 2013. In recent years, the timing of sea ice retreat has become earlier in the NBS. The present study was performed to clarify the environmental factors that contribute to the structure of demersal fish assemblages. Walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus were numerically dominant, followed by Bering flounder Hippoglossoides robustus and Arctic cod Boreogadus saida. Stations were classified into four major faunal assemblages by cluster analysis based on species density: I) boreal assemblages occurring southeast of St. Lawrence Island; II) stations dominated by Arctic species in the CS; III) stations with mixed Arctic and boreal species southwest of St. Lawrence Island; and IV) a less abundant assemblage limited to the north of Point Hope, comprising Arctic species. A permutation test revealed that, of the four physical parameters considered (i.e., bottom temperature, bottom depth, timing of sea ice retreat (TSR) and timing of sampling), TSR was the most prominent variable; it constituted 19.4% of the overall variance in species density and 57.7% of the variance explained by environmental factors. Multiple regression was applied to further analyze the factors that affected interannual changes in the densities of three zoogeographic types in the NBS. While TSR was the major factor that affected the density of Arctic species, variables that included bottom temperature were important for boreal species. These results suggest that mechanisms associated with sea ice conditions (i.e., annual-scale factors), rather than summer bottom temperature (i.e., short-term factors), influence the distribution of demersal fish assemblages in the NBS and CS.



中文翻译:

海冰撤退时间对北白令海和楚科奇海深海鱼类群的影响

根据1990年至2013年的12个夏季在白令海北部(NBS)和楚科奇海(CS)收集的134份拖网样本,研究了海底鱼类组合的结构。近年来,海冰退缩的时机已经到来。在国家统计局变得更早。进行本研究的目的是弄清造成深海鱼类组合结构的环境因素。角膜白斑加德斯角鲨在数量上占主导地位,其次是白令比目比目鱼沙棘和北极鳕鱼Boreogadus saida。通过基于物种密度的聚类分析,将站分为四个主要的动物群落:I)发生在圣劳伦斯岛东南部的北方群落;II)在CS中以北极物种为主的台站;III)在圣劳伦斯岛西南部混合有北极和北方物种的台站;IV)仅限于霍普角北部的数量较少的组合,包括北极物种。置换测试显示,在所考虑的四个物理参数(即底部温度,底部深度,海冰撤退时间(TSR)和采样时间)中,TSR是最突出的变量。它构成物种密度总体方差的19.4%,占环境因素解释方差的57.7%。应用多元回归进一步分析了影响国家统计局三种动物地理类型密度年际变化的因素。虽然TSR是影响北极物种密度的主要因素,但包括底温在内的变量对北方物种很重要。这些结果表明,与海冰条件(即,年度尺度因素)而不是夏季底部温度(即,短期因素)相关的机制影响了NBS和CS中深海鱼类组合的分布。

更新日期:2020-12-17
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