Hydrogen peroxide priming has emerged as a powerful strategy to trigger multiple responses involved in plant acclimation that reinforce tolerance to abiotic stresses, including salt stress. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of foliar H2O2 priming on the physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural traits related to photosynthesis of salt-stressed plants. Besides, we provided comparative leaf metabolomic profiles of Zea mays plants under such conditions. For this, H2O or H2O2 pretreated plants were grown under saline conditions for 12-days. Salinity drastically affected photosynthetic parameters and structural chloroplasts integrity, also increased reactive oxygen species contents promoting disturbance in the plant metabolism when compared to non-saline conditions. Our results suggest that H2O2-pretreated plants improved photosynthetic performance avoiding salinity-induced energy excess and ultrastructural damage by preserving stacking thylakoids. It displayed modulation of some metabolites, as arabitol, glucose, asparagine, and tyrosine, which may contribute to the maintenance of osmotic balance and reduced oxidative stress. Hence, our study brings new insights into an understanding of plant acclimation to salinity by H2O2 priming based on photosynthesis maintenance and metabolite modulation.

中文翻译：

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H2O2 引发通过保护叶绿体超微结构和初级代谢物调节促进玉米的耐盐性

过氧化氢引发已成为一种强有力的策略，可以触发涉及植物驯化的多种反应，增强对非生物胁迫（包括盐胁迫）的耐受性。因此，本研究旨在研究叶面 H2O2 引发对与盐胁迫植物光合作用相关的生理、生化和超微结构特征的影响。此外，我们提供了这种条件下玉米植物的比较叶片代谢组学特征。为此，H2O 或 H2O2 预处理的植物在盐水条件下生长 12 天。与无盐条件相比，盐度极大地影响了光合参数和结构叶绿体的完整性，还增加了活性氧含量，促进了植物代谢的干扰。我们的结果表明，H2O2 预处理的植物通过保留堆积的类囊体来提高光合性能，避免盐分引起的能量过剩和超微结构损伤。它显示了一些代谢物的调节，如阿拉伯糖醇、葡萄糖、天冬酰胺和酪氨酸，这可能有助于维持渗透平衡和减少氧化应激。因此，我们的研究为通过基于光合作用维持和代谢物调节的 H2O2 启动来理解植物对盐度的适应带来了新的见解。