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Filling of sedimentary basins and the birth of large rivers: The lower Danube network in the Dacian Basin, Romania
Global and Planetary Change ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103391 Csaba Krézsek , Cornel Olariu
Global and Planetary Change ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103391 Csaba Krézsek , Cornel Olariu
Abstract Large rivers typically form in the final phase of evolution of sedimentary basins. By that time the sediment supply balances out the accommodation, local rivers coalesce into larger rivers and seek pathways to flow out of the basin into areas where accommodation is available. Very often, this is controlled by tectonics controlling sediment supply and accommodation or facilitating opening inter-basinal gateways. Using subsurface data (seismic and well logs), this paper discusses the controlling factors that lead to the birth of large, continental-scale rivers using the Danube River in the Carpathians foreland basin as a study example. The Proto-Danube originated in the North Alpine Foreland basin around 19–18 Ma and prograded southwards across the Vienna basin (14–13 Ma) and Pannonian basin (10–5 Ma) before reaching the Dacian basin. The Dacian basin took shape during the mid-Miocene and initially consisted of a number of individual and loosely connected depocenters, which were subsequently filled by local sediment sources. These sources typically reflect the uplift and erosion history of the closest orogenic segment. As the accommodation filled, the fluviatile networks coalesced and merged with the Paleo-Danube around 4 Ma, which flowed closer to the Carpathians, about 100 km north of the present path. Continued subsidence in the eastern part of the foreland basin controlled the further evolution of the Paleo-Danube that formed a large delta system, a precursor of the present-day Danube Delta. Eventually, the delta depocenter advanced into the Black Sea in the Romanian/Pleistocene. We interpret this to be the result of increased sediment supply due to renewed uplift of the Carpathians. Comparing the evolution of the Danube River drainage with other continental scale rivers around the world, we can conclude that the Danube represents an uncommon river system characterized by transiting multi-basin drainages. Initially, multiple small rivers filled sub-basins from different directions and these coalesced at later stages. Most large modern rivers, similar in size, formed within a simpler tectonic frame with sediments commonly supplied along a well-defined tectonic trend.
中文翻译:
沉积盆地的充填和大河的诞生:罗马尼亚达契亚盆地的多瑙河下游网络
摘要 大河流通常形成于沉积盆地演化的最后阶段。到那时,沉积物供应平衡了可容纳性,当地河流合并成更大的河流,并寻求从流域流出到可容纳性区域的路径。很多时候,这是由控制沉积物供应和容纳或促进开放流域间门户的构造控制的。本文使用地下数据(地震和测井数据),以喀尔巴阡山脉前陆盆地的多瑙河为例,讨论了导致大型大陆尺度河流诞生的控制因素。原始多瑙河在 19-18 Ma 左右起源于北高山前陆盆地,向南推进穿过维也纳盆地(14-13 Ma)和潘诺尼亚盆地(10-5 Ma),然后到达达契亚盆地。达契亚盆地形成于中中新世,最初由许多独立且松散连接的沉积中心组成,随后被当地沉积物源填充。这些来源通常反映了最近造山带的抬升和侵蚀历史。随着住所填满,河流网络在 4 Ma 左右合并并与古多瑙河合并,后者更靠近喀尔巴阡山脉,距离当前路径以北约 100 公里。前陆盆地东部的持续下沉控制了古多瑙河的进一步演化,形成了一个大型三角洲系统,是当今多瑙河三角洲的前身。最终,三角洲沉积中心在罗马尼亚/更新世进入黑海。我们认为这是由于喀尔巴阡山脉重新隆起导致沉积物供应增加的结果。将多瑙河流域与世界其他大陆尺度河流的演变进行比较,我们可以得出结论,多瑙河代表了一个以跨流域流域为特征的罕见河流系统。最初,多条小河流从不同方向充满子流域,并在后期合并。大多数现代大型河流,大小相似,形成于更简单的构造框架内,沉积物通常沿着明确的构造趋势供应。多条小河流从不同方向充满子流域,并在后期合并。大多数现代大型河流,大小相似,形成于更简单的构造框架内,沉积物通常沿着明确的构造趋势供应。多条小河流从不同方向充满子流域,并在后期合并。大多数现代大型河流,大小相似,形成于更简单的构造框架内,沉积物通常沿着明确的构造趋势供应。
更新日期:2021-02-01
中文翻译:
沉积盆地的充填和大河的诞生:罗马尼亚达契亚盆地的多瑙河下游网络
摘要 大河流通常形成于沉积盆地演化的最后阶段。到那时,沉积物供应平衡了可容纳性,当地河流合并成更大的河流,并寻求从流域流出到可容纳性区域的路径。很多时候,这是由控制沉积物供应和容纳或促进开放流域间门户的构造控制的。本文使用地下数据(地震和测井数据),以喀尔巴阡山脉前陆盆地的多瑙河为例,讨论了导致大型大陆尺度河流诞生的控制因素。原始多瑙河在 19-18 Ma 左右起源于北高山前陆盆地,向南推进穿过维也纳盆地(14-13 Ma)和潘诺尼亚盆地(10-5 Ma),然后到达达契亚盆地。达契亚盆地形成于中中新世,最初由许多独立且松散连接的沉积中心组成,随后被当地沉积物源填充。这些来源通常反映了最近造山带的抬升和侵蚀历史。随着住所填满,河流网络在 4 Ma 左右合并并与古多瑙河合并,后者更靠近喀尔巴阡山脉,距离当前路径以北约 100 公里。前陆盆地东部的持续下沉控制了古多瑙河的进一步演化,形成了一个大型三角洲系统,是当今多瑙河三角洲的前身。最终,三角洲沉积中心在罗马尼亚/更新世进入黑海。我们认为这是由于喀尔巴阡山脉重新隆起导致沉积物供应增加的结果。将多瑙河流域与世界其他大陆尺度河流的演变进行比较,我们可以得出结论,多瑙河代表了一个以跨流域流域为特征的罕见河流系统。最初,多条小河流从不同方向充满子流域,并在后期合并。大多数现代大型河流,大小相似,形成于更简单的构造框架内,沉积物通常沿着明确的构造趋势供应。多条小河流从不同方向充满子流域,并在后期合并。大多数现代大型河流,大小相似,形成于更简单的构造框架内,沉积物通常沿着明确的构造趋势供应。多条小河流从不同方向充满子流域,并在后期合并。大多数现代大型河流,大小相似,形成于更简单的构造框架内,沉积物通常沿着明确的构造趋势供应。