Geopolymer foam concrete (GFC) has attracted significant research interest in various fields, thanks to their porous structure which brings the inherent merits of lightweight, acoustic and thermal insulation, and fire resistance. This review is focussed on three primary functional properties of GFC, namely mechanical properties (compression and flexural strengths), serviceability (thermal conductivity, sound absorption, and fire resistance), and durability. The functional properties depend on the fundamental fresh and hardened properties (rheology, stability, density, porosity and pore morphology), and all these properties are decided by the materials, foaming methods, curing conditions, and additives. A clear insight to these relationships and the ways of optimising the performance as a construction material are therefore presented. Also, the challenges towards the large-scale production and real-world application of GFC are discussed. The identified research needs include studies on fresh properties, durability, processing techniques to attract industrial applications, and developing 3D printable GFC.

地质聚合物泡沫混凝土（GFC）的多孔结构带来了轻质，隔音和隔热以及耐火性的固有优点，因此在各个领域引起了广泛的研究兴趣。这篇评论集中在GFC的三个主要功能特性上，即机械特性（压缩和弯曲强度），可使用性（导热性，吸声和​​耐火性）和耐久性。功能性质取决于基本的新鲜和硬化性质（流变性，稳定性，密度，孔隙率和孔形态），所有这些性质均取决于材料，发泡方法，固化条件和添加剂。因此，可以清楚地了解这些关系以及优化作为建筑材料的性能的方法。也，讨论了GFC的大规模生产和实际应用面临的挑战。确定的研究需求包括对新鲜特性，耐久性，吸引工业应用的加工技术以及开发3D可打印GFC的研究。