RNA homeostasis is regulated by a multitude of cellular pathways. Although the addition of untemplated adenine residues to the 3′ end of mRNAs has long been known to affect RNA stability, newly developed techniques for 3′-end sequencing of RNAs have revealed various unexpected RNA modifications. Among these, uridylation is most recognized for its role in mRNA decay but is also a key regulator of numerous RNA species, including miRNAs and tRNAs, with dual roles in both stability and maturation of miRNAs. Additionally, low levels of untemplated guanidine and cytidine residues have been observed as parts of more complex tailing patterns.

中文翻译：

---

3'端RNA稳定性的调节

RNA稳态受多种细胞途径调节。尽管人们早就知道在 mRNA 的 3' 末端添加非模板化的腺嘌呤残基会影响 RNA 稳定性，但新开发的 RNA 3' 末端测序技术揭示了各种意想不到的 RNA 修饰。其中，尿苷化因其在 mRNA 衰变中的作用而广为人知，但也是许多 RNA 种类（包括 miRNA 和 tRNA）的关键调节因子，在 miRNA 的稳定性和成熟中具有双重作用。此外，已观察到低水平的非模板化胍和胞苷残基是更复杂的拖尾模式的一部分。