In this paper, we study the tradable credit scheme design problem considering transaction cost and social equity. Heterogeneous users with different value of times (VOT) and elastic demand are assumed. The credit scheme is characterized by user anonymous initial endowment and link-specific credit charge, and incorporates transaction cost, which is associated with trading volume and independent of credit price. The equilibrium problem is formulated as a variational inequality (VI) problem and the existence and uniqueness of its solution are guaranteed. Based on the VI formulation, a credit scheme design problem with equity constraint is proposed, aimed at maximizing the total social welfare. Based on the results from the example network, the impacts of transaction cost under various equity constraints are investigated. It is found that the transaction cost can negatively affect travel disutility for low-VOT users, and the imposition of equity constraint can address the inequity.

本文研究了考虑交易成本和社会公平的可交易信贷方案设计问题。假设具有不同时间价值（VOT）和弹性需求的异构用户。信用方案的特征在于用户匿名初始捐赠和特定于链接的信用费用，并且合并了交易成本，该交易成本与交易量相关联并且与信用价格无关。将平衡问题表述为变分不等式（VI）问题，并保证了其解的存在性和唯一性。基于VI公式，提出了一种具有股权约束的信贷方案设计问题，旨在最大化社会福利。根据示例网络的结果，研究了各种股权约束下交易成本的影响。