Abstract This study examined the role of external information in monitoring language production. In a typing-to-dictation task, participants were deprived of all or part of visual feedback. Data were analyzed using signal detection theory (SDT) applied to a multi-component monitoring framework. Results showed that removing the visual information affected the correction of typing errors more than their conscious detection (Exps 1, 2). Reinstating partial visual information (positional information) increased correction rates but not to the level of full visual information, independently of the probability of error detection (Exps 2, 3). Analysis of SDT parameters showed that while manipulating visual information affected the informativeness of the signal for both correction and conscious detection of errors, participants treated this change differently in the two tasks. We discuss the implications of the results, and more generally, the utility of SDT, for theories of monitoring and control in language production.

中文翻译：

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视觉反馈在检测和纠正打字错误中的作用：一种信号检测方法

摘要 本研究考察了外部信息在监测语言生成中的作用。在输入到听写的任务中，参与者被剥夺了全部或部分视觉反馈。使用应用于多分量监测框架的信号检测理论 (SDT) 分析数据。结果表明，去除视觉信息比有意识的检测更能影响打字错误的纠正（实验 1、2）。恢复部分视觉信息（位置信息）提高了校正率，但没有达到完整视觉信息的水平，与错误检测的概率无关（实验 2、3）。SDT 参数的分析表明，虽然操纵视觉信息会影响信号的信息量，以便纠正和有意识地检测错误，参与者在两项任务中对这种变化的处理方式不同。我们讨论了结果的影响，更一般地说，SDT 的效用，对于语言生产中的监控和控制理论。