Triple Helix (TH) theory, which emphasizes synergy between universities, industries, and government, has not been tested empirically from the perspective of differences in R&D efficiency. We examine how firms’ TH strategies affect R&D efficiency and how synergy varies according to stage of growth. First, we classify the firms into four groups by TH strategy. We estimate each firm’s R&D efficiency and compare each group’s technical gap ratio relative to the meta-frontier. The results show that synergy does exist in long-term R&D efficiency and potential. Discussion of the heterogeneous effects of TH strategies according to the firms’ stage of growth follows.

强调大学，行业和政府之间协同作用的三重螺旋（TH）理论尚未从研发效率差异的角度进行实证检验。我们研究了公司的TH战略如何影响研发效率以及协同效应如何根据增长阶段而变化。首先，我们根据TH策略将公司分为四类。我们估算每个公司的研发效率，并比较每个组的技术差距比率与元前沿。结果表明，协同效应确实存在于长期的研发效率和潜力中。根据企业的成长阶段，讨论TH策略的异质性影响。