We establish the condition of modulational instability (MI) in one-dimensional effective one-component self-bound quantum droplets and Bose–Bose (BB) mixture, coupled through spin–orbit and Rabi couplings. For the self-bound quantum droplets of effective one-component BB mixture, MI occurs for the atom density: , where δg = g + g ₁₂ with g indicate intra-atomic and g ₁₂ inter-atomic interaction strengths. The MI growth rate of BB mixture in the presence of spin–orbit and Rabi couplings shows distinct signatures of the couplings, in the form of multiple domains of instability. In particular, we demonstrate the explicit difference in MI, between the effective one-component self-bound quantum droplets and BB mixture.

我们通过自旋轨道和Rabi耦合建立了一维有效一组分自束缚量子滴和Bose-Bose（BB）混合物的调制不稳定性（MI）的条件。对于有效的单组分BB混合物的自束缚量子滴，MI发生于原子密度：，其中δg = g + g _12，其中g表示原子内，g ₁₂表示原子内原子间的相互作用强度。在存在自旋轨道和Rabi耦合的情况下，BB混合物的MI增长速率以多个不稳定性域的形式显示了耦合的独特特征。特别是，我们证明了有效的单组分自结合量子液滴和BB混合物之间MI的显着差异。