Switchable and active metasurfaces allow for the realization of beam steering, zoomable metalenses, and dynamic holography. To achieve this goal, one has to combine high-performance metasurfaces with switchable materials that exhibit high refractive index contrast and high switching speeds. In this work, we present an electrochemically switchable metasurface for beam steering where we use the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) as an active material. We show beam diffraction with angles up to 10 and a change of the intensities of the diffracted and primary beams employing an externally applied cyclic voltage between −1 V and +0.5 V. With this unique combination, we realize switching speeds in the range of 1 Hz, and the extension to typical display frequencies in the region of tens of hertz is possible. Our findings have immediate implications for the design and fabrication of future electronically switchable and display nanotechnologies, such as dynamic holograms.

可切换和活动的超表面允许实现光束控制，可缩放的金属感镜和动态全息术。为了实现这一目标，必须将高性能的超颖表面与具有高折射率对比度和高切换速度的可切换材料相结合。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种用于束转向的电化学可切换超表面，其中我们使用了导电聚合物聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）作为活性材料。我们展示了在最大角度为10的情况下光束的衍射，以及在-1 V和+0.5 V之间施加外部循环电压的情况下，衍射光束和主光束强度的变化。通过这种独特的组合，我们实现了1范围内的切换速度Hz，并且可以扩展到几十赫兹范围内的典型显示频率。