Wound healing is a dynamic and well-orchestrated process that can be promoted by creating an optimal environment with wound dressing. An ideal wound dressing material should possess a suitable matrix, structure and bioactive components, functioning synergistically to accelerate wound healing. Wound dressings that allow reproducibility and customizability are highly desirable in clinical practice. In this study, using chitosan (CS) as the matrix and bioglass (BG) as the biological component, a spatially designed dressing scaffold was fabricated from a home-made cryogenic printing system. The micro- and macro-structures of the scaffold were highly controllable and reproducible. The printed scaffold exhibited interconnected and hierarchical pore structures, as well as good flexibility and water absorption capacity, and these properties were not affected by the content of BG. Nevertheless, when the content of BGs exceeded 20% that of CS, the tension strength and elongation rate reduced, but in vitro antibacterial, cell proliferation and migration performance were enhanced. In vivo examinations revealed that the composite scaffold significantly promoted wound healing process, with the group having 30% bioglass showing better wound closure, neovascularization and collagen deposition than other groups. These results indicate that the 3D printed CS/BG composite scaffold is a promising dressing material that accelerates wound healing.

伤口愈合是一个动态且精心安排的过程，可以通过使用伤口敷料创造最佳环境来促进。理想的伤口敷料材料应具有合适的基质、结构和生物活性成分，协同作用以加速伤口愈合。允许可重复性和可定制性的伤口敷料在临床实践中是非常需要的。在这项研究中，以壳聚糖（CS）为基质，生物玻璃（BG）为生物成分，利用自制的低温打印系统制造了一种空间设计的敷料支架。支架的微观和宏观结构是高度可控和可重复的。打印的支架表现出相互连接和分层的孔结构，以及良好的柔韧性和吸水能力，并且这些性质不受BG含量的影响。然而，当 BGs 的含量超过 CS 的 20% 时，抗拉强度和伸长率降低，但体外抗菌、细胞增殖和迁移性能增强。体内检查显示，复合支架显着促进伤口愈合过程，具有 30% 生物玻璃的组显示出比其他组更好的伤口闭合、新血管形成和胶原沉积。这些结果表明，3D 打印的 CS/BG 复合支架是一种有前途的加速伤口愈合的敷料材料。