We report a large-scale surface with continuously varying wettability induced by ordered gradient nanostructures. The gradient pattern is generated from nonuniform interference lithography by utilizing the Gaussian-shaped intensity distribution of two coherent laser beams. We also develop a facile fabrication method to directly transfer a photoresist pattern into an ultraviolet (UV)-cured high-strength replication molding material, which eliminates the need for high-cost reactive ion etching and e-beam evaporation during the mold fabrication process. This facile mold is then used for the reproducible production of surfaces with gradient wettability using thermal-nanoimprint lithography (NIL). In addition, the wetting behavior of water droplets on the surface with the gradient nanostructures and therefore gradient wettability is investigated. A hybrid wetting model is proposed and theoretically captures the contact angle measurement results, shedding light on the wetting behavior of a liquid on structures patterned at the nanoscale.

我们报告了由有序梯度纳米结构引起的具有连续变化的润湿性的大规模表面。梯度图案是通过利用两个相干激光束的高斯形强度分布从非均匀干涉光刻产生的。我们还开发了一种简便的制造方法，可将光刻胶图案直接转移到紫外线 (UV) 固化的高强度复制成型材料中，从而在模具制造过程中无需高成本的反应离子蚀刻和电子束蒸发。然后，这种简单的模具用于使用热纳米压印光刻 (NIL) 可重复生产具有梯度润湿性的表面。此外，研究了具有梯度纳米结构的表面上水滴的润湿行为以及梯度润湿性。