ABSTRACT The vibration that occurs in vehicles during road transport has an important effect on the damage experienced by agricultural products, such as fruit. Young’s modulus and Poisson’s coefficient are critical mechanical properties of fruit, and alterations may indicate damage during transportation. This work studied the effect of vibration on mechanical damage in avocados (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) during a road trip of over 25 km in distance between the farm to avocado packing house. Chemical and mechanical properties were evaluated during twelve postharvest days at 23°C and 65% relative humidity. Once avocadoes reached full maturity, sensory tests were performed according to Colombian Technical Standards NTC 5328 and NTC 3932. Results obtained from field data are presented as power spectral density (PSD) functions to facilitate the interpretation of the exposure of produce to vibration energy during transportation. The highest intensity of these vibrations was recorded at a frequency of 2.5 Hz for frequency intervals of 0 Hz–5 Hz at the rear of the vehicle. The chemical analysis, includingmoisture content, protein, ash and ethereal extract, showed no statistically significant differences (p > .05) between the protected fruit (PF) and unprotected fruit (UF). The mechanical damage demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p < .05) in Young’s modulus between the PF and the UF. Sensory analysis also showed that the mechanical damage caused by the vibration levels affected the integrity of lenticels by means of the external appearance and pulp color descriptors of the fruit, which contributed to the subsequent darkening of the skin and the softening of the fruit.

中文翻译：

---

车辆振动对公路运输过程中鳄梨（Persea Americana Mill. Cv. Hass）机械和感官特性的影响

摘要 道路运输过程中车辆发生的振动对水果等农产品的损坏具有重要影响。杨氏模量和泊松系数是水果的关键机械特性，其变化可能表明运输过程中存在损坏。这项工作研究了振动对鳄梨 (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) 机械损伤的影响，在从农场到鳄梨包装厂的距离超过 25 公里的公路旅行中。在 23°C 和 65% 相对湿度下，在收获后的 12 天内评估化学和机械性能。一旦鳄梨完全成熟，根据哥伦比亚技术标准 NTC 5328 和 NTC 3932 进行感官测试。从现场数据获得的结果以功率谱密度 (PSD) 函数的形式呈现，以方便解释产品在运输过程中暴露于振动能量的情况。这些振动的最高强度以 2.5 Hz 的频率记录在车辆后部，频率间隔为 0 Hz–5 Hz。化学分析，包括水分含量、蛋白质、灰分和醚提取物，显示受保护水果 (PF) 和未受保护水果 (UF) 之间没有统计学上的显着差异 (p > .05)。机械损伤表明 PF 和 UF 之间的杨氏模量存在统计学上的显着差异 (p < .05)。