Abstract Polysaccharide multilayers consisting of hyaluronic acid and chitosan were prepared by layer-by-layer assembly. To be used in seawater, the multilayers were crosslinked to a different degree using thermal or chemical methods. ATR-FTIR revealed different amide densities as a result of the crosslinking conditions. AFM showed that the crosslinking affected the roughness and swelling behavior of the coatings. The stability and degradability of the multilayers in aqueous environments were monitored with spectroscopic ellipsometry. The resistance of the coatings against non-specific protein adsorption was characterized by SPR spectroscopy. Settlement assays using Ulva linza zoospores and removal assays using the diatom Navicula incerta showed that the slowly degradable coatings were less prone to fouling than the strongly crosslinked ones. Thus, the coatings were a suitable model system to show that crosslinking the multilayers under mild conditions and equipping the coatings with controlled degradation rates enhances their antifouling and fouling-release properties against marine fouling organisms. Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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具有海洋污垢释放特性的可降解透明质酸/壳聚糖聚电解质多层膜

摘要 通过逐层组装制备了由透明质酸和壳聚糖组成的多层多糖。为了在海水中使用，使用热或化学方法将多层交联到不同程度。由于交联条件的不同，ATR-FTIR 显示出不同的酰胺密度。AFM 表明交联会影响涂层的粗糙度和溶胀行为。多层膜在水性环境中的稳定性和降解性用光谱椭偏仪监测。通过 SPR 光谱表征涂层对非特异性蛋白质吸附的抵抗力。使用 Ulva linza 游动孢子的沉降试验和使用硅藻 Navicula incerta 的去除试验表明，缓慢降解的涂层比强交联的涂层更不容易结垢。因此，这些涂层是一个合适的模型系统，表明在温和条件下交联多层膜并为涂层配备受控降解率可增强其对海洋污损生物的防污和污损释放性能。图形概要