Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have potential applications as active sensors or energy harvesters in self‐powered sensors and systems as they enable harvesting and conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. TENG development allows high‐efficiency energy harvesting capability and outstanding sensing characteristics, such as excellent output performance, high durability, reliable stability, easy integration, and convenient fabrication, among others. A triboelectric foam (T‐Foam) composed of a foam material with an embedded soft electrode is proposed in this study. The T‐Foam inherits the dominant mechanical properties of the foam material, which allows it to be freely folded, compressed, and kneaded, as well as immediate recovery upon stimulus withdrawal. The durability and stability of the T‐Foam are tested for a 0.1842 g sample; after stamping 14 times with a 158.6 lb tester, its output performance remained nearly identical. These properties indicate that the T‐Foam can be easily integrated into products, such as insoles, schoolbags, and seat mats, to build smart applications for motion, health, and safety monitoring. When driven by a polytetrafluoroethylene plate, a T‐Foam sample of 135 × 135 × 25 mm³ exhibits considerable energy harvesting capability, with the output power as high as 5.46 mW.

中文翻译：

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高度耐用且易于集成的摩擦电泡沫，适用于主动传感和能量收集应用

摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）具有潜在的应用潜力，可作为有源传感器或自供电传感器和系统中的能量收集器，因为它们能够收集机械能并将其转换为电能。TENG的开发具有高效的能量采集能力和出色的传感特性，例如出色的输出性能，高耐用性，可靠的稳定性，易于集成的结构以及方便的制造等。这项研究提出了一种由泡沫材料和嵌入式软电极组成的摩擦电泡沫（T-Foam）。T型泡沫继承了泡沫材料的主要机械性能，可以自由折叠，压缩和捏合，并在撤消刺激后立即恢复。测试了0.1842 g样品的T型泡沫的耐久性和稳定性；用158.6磅测试仪冲压14次后，其输出性能几乎保持不变。这些特性表明，T型泡沫可轻松集成到鞋垫，书包和座垫等产品中，从而构建用于运动，健康和安全监控的智能应用程序。用聚四氟乙烯板驱动时，T型泡沫样品为135×135×25 mm³具有相当大的能量采集能力，输出功率高达5.46 mW。