The increasing recent interest in human challenge studies or controlled human infection model studies for accelerating vaccine development has been driven by the recognition of the unique ability of these studies to contribute to the understanding of response to infection and the performance of vaccines. With streamlining of ethical processes, conduct and supervision and the availability of new investigative tools from immunophenotyping to glycobiology, the potential to derive valuable data to inform vaccine testing and development has never been greater. However, issues of availability and standardization of challenge strains, conduct of studies in disease endemic locations and the iteration between clinical and laboratory studies still need to be addressed to gain maximal value for vaccine development.

近年来，人们对加速疫苗开发的人类挑战研究或受控人类感染模型研究的兴趣日益浓厚，这是因为人们认识到这些研究有助于了解感染反应和疫苗性能的独特能力。随着道德流程、行为和监督的简化，以及从免疫表型分析到糖生物学等新研究工具的出现，获得有价值的数据来为疫苗测试和开发提供信息的潜力变得前所未有的巨大。然而，仍然需要解决挑战菌株的可用性和标准化、在疾病流行地区进行研究以及临床和实验室研究之间的迭代等问题，以获得疫苗开发的最大价值。