Background

Coexistence of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema has been studied in children, but data are lacking in adults. As new treatments emerge, epidemiological data on the coexistence are needed.

Aims

To study the prevalence of concomitant asthma, rhinitis and eczema in the general adult population and among those sensitized to aeroallergens, and to study associations between background characteristics and risks of phenotypes of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema.

Methods

In the West Sweden Asthma Study, phenotypes and sensitization profiles of 1103 randomly selected adults (16–75 years) were assessed. The methods included measures of serum-IgE and structured interviews on asthma, rhinitis, eczema, their associated symptoms, and relevant risk factors.

Results

Among all participants and in those sensitized, 2% and 6% had concomitant asthma, rhinitis, and eczema, respectively, and the condition did not differ by age or sex. Corresponding figures for asthma and rhinitis, but not eczema, was 8% and 19%, respectively. Determinants of coexistence of the three conditions were family history of asthma/allergy, body mass index, and occupational exposure to gas, dust and fumes.

Allergic sensitization in those with asthma, rhinitis and eczema was found in 78%, in those with asthma and rhinitis but not eczema in 65%, in those with asthma and eczema but not rhinitis in 40%, while only 5% were sensitized among those having asthma only.

Conclusions

In the general adult population about 2% have concomitant asthma, rhinitis, and eczema. Of sensitized adults, about 6% has coexistence of the three conditions.

中文翻译：

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目前哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹的三联征在成人中并不常见：患病率、致敏特征和危险因素

背景

已经在儿童中研究了哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹的共存情况，但缺乏成人的数据。随着新疗法的出现，需要有关共存的流行病学数据。

宗旨

研究普通成年人和对空气过敏原敏感的人群中伴随哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹的患病率，并研究背景特征与哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹表型风险之间的关联。

方法

在西瑞典哮喘研究中，评估了 1103 名随机选择的成人（16-75 岁）的表型和致敏特征。这些方法包括血清 IgE 的测量和关于哮喘、鼻炎、湿疹、它们的相关症状和相关危险因素的结构化访谈。

结果

在所有参与者和致敏参与者中，分别有 2% 和 6% 的人同时患有哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹，并且病情没有因年龄或性别而异。哮喘和鼻炎（而非湿疹）的相应数字分别为 8% 和 19%。三种情况共存的决定因素是哮喘/过敏家族史、体重指数以及职业暴露于气体、灰尘和烟雾。

78%的哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹患者过敏，65%有哮喘和鼻炎但没有湿疹，40%有哮喘和湿疹但没有鼻炎，只有5%过敏只有哮喘。

结论

在一般成年人群中，大约 2% 的人同时患有哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹。在敏感的成年人中，大约 6% 的人同时存在这三种情况。